Indians of North America THE GREAT NORTHWEST BY KARLA CANIZALES

Table of Contents The Great Northwest, trading … page 3 Columbia River … page 5 Indians Location and Shelter … page 6 Food … page 6 The Chinooks, Clothing and Accessories … page 7 Shelter … page 8 Wealth … page 8 The Makahs Hunting … page 9 Shelter … page 9 Glossary… page 10

Northwest Coast The tribes were located in in the Western Hemisphere, by the Columbia River passing through Washington and Oregon. This land was very wet. Trading Dalles was one of the greatest trading centers in North America. Chinese people went to Dalles in summer days only, to got trade their belongings with other tribes.

NORTHWEST COAST The tribes were located in the Western Hemisphere, by the Columbia river passing through Washington and Oregon. This land was very wet. Trading The Dalles was one of the largest trading center in North America. People came to Dalles hundreds of miles away to trade. The Chinese came to trade during the worm summer months. Paste u.r.l for picture here Caption box

NORTHWEST COAST COLUMBIA RIVER The Columbia River is the second longest river in the Western Hemisphere, that flows into the Pacific Ocean. This river was a major transportation route for the Indians of the Northwest Coast. The Columbia River passes through a narrow gap and cliffs. Some of this area was part of Dalles. The Columbia River is a helpful resource for hydroelectric power. Caption box

NORTHWEST COAST Indians Location and Shelter The Indians of the Northwest Coast lived in a land filled with forests and rivers. They would build their houses out of wood, since they lived by forests with lots of trees. Food Growing fruits and vegetables was hard, the climate was mostly always wet. Since growing their own food was hard, they hunted animals, such as fish, deer, bears and others animals too. (picture) Paste your u.r.l for picture here

THE CHINOOKS The word Chinook means an English pronunciation of the Salishan place named Tsinuk, which was also the name used for the Chinook Jargon trade language. Clothing and Accessories Chinook men didn’t usually wear clothes at all. If some men wanted to wear clothes they would wear Breach-clout. When there was rainy weather the Chinook people wore Tule Rush Capes. The Chinooks sometimes painted their faces during war.

Shelter Pit House The Chinook people made their own shelter. They live in villages made up of rows of wooden houses. The houses had no windows just little holes. Some Chinook people dug out holes so they could be underground. These houses are called Pit House. Wealth Wealth was very important to the Chinooks. Only the wealthiest people could use slaves as servants. Tribes often attacked each other to gain wealth and respect. The Chinook people were showoffs. If they had money they would show it off to the poor or people with less money and respect. When they celebrated or had a feast the Chinook people that had money would spend years preparing gifts to give away in celebrations, gatherings or feasts.

The Makahs Hunting The canoes that the Makahs rode on were 6 feet wide and carried about 60 people. When they wanted to hunt whales they would follow the 20 miles in the ocean. The chief would sing a song to the whale that they would give him gifts and whatever the whale desired if it would allow it self to be killed. Then the chief would take the first hit. The Chinook men that hunted practiced for months their skills for hunting. Shelter Totem Pole. Totem Poles The Makah people houses are lined up in rows all around the beach, so when the hunting men come the ocean all the people come and celebrate their return. Outside each house there is a tall wooden post called a Totem Pole. Totem Poles have carvings have of each family’s history and ancestors.

Glossary Diversity- differences, such as those among different people Cultural region- An area where peoples share some ways of life Dugouts -a boat made from a large, hollowed-out log Pit house-A house built partly over a hole dug in the earth so that some of its room under ground Clan- A group of families that are related to one another Barter - To exchange goods with other people Potlatches - A special native America gathering at which the host gives away valuable gifts Totem pole- A wooden post that is carved with shapes of people, and animals

Diagram This is a totem pole. The Indians of the Northwest Coast have these in front of their houses. Each totem pole has carvings of things, animals, people according to the families history and ancestors.