Developmental Psychology Chapter 3

Conception  The combination of the ovum and sperm  Each cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, except _____________  Zygote  Twins – Monozygotic, Dizygotic  Gender determination  DNA

Genotypes  What are they?  Simplest rule of genetic combination  Dominant Genes  Recessive Genes  Polygenic

Blood Types AO BO AB AO BO OO

Phenotypes  Definition: an individual’s observable characteristics.

Pregnancy  3 trimesters  1 st 0 – 12 weeks  2 nd 12 – 24 weeks  3 rd 25 weeks to labor

Prenatal Development  3 stages of unequal length  Day 1 to week 3 – GERMINAL  Weeks 3 to 8 – EMBRYONIC  Weeks 9 to 38 – FETAL

Problems in Development  Remember that most are rare or preventable.  Genetic: PKU, Sickle Cell Aneia  Sex or Gender Linked: Red/Green Color Blindness (Men more likely to experience).  Chromosomal Errors: Down Syndrome  Teratogens

Other Problems  Diet  Age  Chronic Illness  Maternal Illness

Fetal Assessment  Chromosomal  Amniocentesis  Growth Development  Ultrasound  Blood Urine  Alpha-feta protein  Fetoscopy

Birth Choices  Attendants  Drugs  Location

Physical Process of Birth  Stage 1  Dilation  Effacement  Stage 2  Labor/ Delivery  Stage 3  Delivery of the Placenta

Assessment of the Neonate  Apgar Scale – p. 82  Effects of Low Birth Weight  Respiratory distress  Increased rates for long term health problems  Decreased IQ scores  More problems in school