BUSINESS DRIVEN TECHNOLOGY UNIT 1: Achieving Business Success Through Information Technology OPENING CASE How Levi’s Got Its Jeans into Wal-Mart

The chapters in this unit include: Unit One The chapters in this unit include: Chapter One – Business Driven Technology Overview Chapter Two – Identifying Competitive Advantages Chapter Three – Strategic Initiatives for Implementing Competitive Advantages Chapter Four – Measuring the Success of Strategic Initiatives Chapter Five – Organizational Structures That Support Strategic Initiatives

BUSINESS DRIVEN TECHNOLOGY Business Driven Technology Overview Chapter One: Business Driven Technology Overview

LEARNING OUTCOMES 1.1 Compare management information systems (MIS) and information technology (IT) 1.2 Describe the relationships among people, information technology, and information 1.3 Describe why people at different levels of an organization have different information needs

CHAPTER ONE OVERVIEW Provides an overview of the units in the text Introduces important business and technology concepts

UNIT 1 – ACHIEVING BUSINESS SUCCESS THROUGH INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Unit 1 introduces several business strategies including: Porter’s Five Forces Porter’s three generic strategies Value chain analysis Supply chain management Customer relationship management Enterprise resource planning IT efficiency and IT effectiveness metrics Organizational structures

UNIT 1 – ACHIEVING BUSINESS SUCCESS THROUGH INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Information technology (IT) – any computer-based tool that people use to work with information and support the information and information-processing needs of an organization Information technology is an important enabler of business success and innovation

UNIT 1 – ACHIEVING BUSINESS SUCCESS THROUGH INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Management information systems (MIS) – the function that plans for, develops, implements, and maintains IT hardware, software, and the portfolio of applications that people use to support the goals of an organization MIS is a business function, similar to Accounting, Finance, Operations, and Human Resources

UNIT 1 – ACHIEVING BUSINESS SUCCESS THROUGH INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY People use Information technology to work with Information

UNIT 2 – MANAGING INFORMATION FOR BUSINESS INITIATIVES Unit 2 introduces: Information quality Databases Database management systems Data mining Data warehouses

UNIT 2 – MANAGING INFORMATION FOR BUSINESS INITIATIVES Organizations must manage information properly. That is, an organization must: Determine what information it requires Acquire that information Organize the information in a meaningful fashion Assure the information's quality Provide software tools so that employees throughout the organization can access the information they require

UNIT 2 – MANAGING INFORMATION FOR BUSINESS INITIATIVES At the heart of all management information systems is a database and DBMS Database – maintains information about various types of objects (inventory), events (transactions), people (employees), and places (warehouses) Database management system (DBMS) – software through which users and application programs interact with a database

UNIT 2 – MANAGING INFORMATION FOR BUSINESS INITIATIVES There are two primary ways that users obtain information from a database Direct user interaction Indirect user interaction

UNIT 3 – ENHANCING BUSINESS DECISIONS Unit 3 introduces the role of IT in strategic decision making and covers: Data marts Data-mining tools Digital dashboards Supply chain management (SCM) Customer relationship management (CRM) Enterprise resource planning (ERP)

UNIT 3 – ENHANCING BUSINESS DECISIONS Business intelligence, gained through OLTP and OLAP, enables organization to make strategic business decisions Business intelligence – a broad, general term describing information that people use to support their decision-making efforts Online transaction processing (OLTP) – the capturing of transaction and event information Online analytical processing (OLAP) – the manipulation of information to create business intelligence in support of strategic decision making

UNIT 3 – ENHANCING BUSINESS DECISIONS Organizational employees have unique information processing and analyzing needs

UNIT 3 – ENHANCING BUSINESS DECISIONS Many organizations use data warehouses and data-mining tools to support strategic decision making Data warehouse – a logical collection of information – gathered from many different operational databases – that supports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks Data-mining tools – use a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large volumes of information and infer rules from them that predict future behavior and guide decision making

UNIT 4 – CREATING COLLABORATIVE PARTNERSHIPS IN BUSINESS Unit 4 focuses on IT support for collaborative partnerships, both internal to an organization and external with its business partners and suppliers Unit 4 covers: Collaboration systems Information partnerships Outsourcing

UNIT 4 – CREATING COLLABORATIVE PARTNERSHIPS IN BUSINESS Organizations create and use teams, partnerships, and alliances to: Undertake new initiatives Address both minor and major problems Capitalize on significant opportunities Organizations create teams, partnerships, and alliances both internally with employees and externally with other organizations

UNIT 4 – CREATING COLLABORATIVE PARTNERSHIPS IN BUSINESS Collaboration system – supports the work of teams by facilitating the sharing and flow of information

UNIT 4 – CREATING COLLABORATIVE PARTNERSHIPS IN BUSINESS Organizational collaboration systems include: Groupware –supports team interaction and dynamics including calendaring, scheduling, and videoconferencing Document management systems (DMS) – supports the electronic capturing, storage, distribution, archival, and accessing of documents Knowledge management systems (KMS) – supports the capturing and use of organizational “know how” Project management software – supports long-term and day-to-day management and execution of a project

UNIT 4 – CREATING COLLABORATIVE PARTNERSHIPS IN BUSINESS Organizations form alliances and partnerships with other organizations based on their core competency Core competency – is an organization’s key strength, a business function that it does better than any of its competitors Core competency strategy –an organization chooses to focus specifically on its core competency and forms partnerships with other organizations to handle nonstrategic business processes

UNIT 4 – CREATING COLLABORATIVE PARTNERSHIPS IN BUSINESS Information technology can make a business partnership easier to establish and manage Information partnership – occurs when two or more organizations cooperate by integrating their IT systems, thereby providing customers with the best of what each can offer The Internet has dramatically increased the ease and availability for IT-enabled organizational alliances and partnerships

UNIT 5 – TRANSFORMING ORGANIZATIONS Unit 5 explores the power of IT to transform an organization, including: 21st century organizations Innovation Systems development Project management Future trends

UNIT 5 – TRANSFORMING ORGANIZATIONS Some business environment observers have an ominous vision of the future - digital Darwinism – organizations which cannot adapt to new demands are doomed to extinction

OPENING CASE STUDY QUESTIONS How Levi’s Got Its Jeans into Wal-Mart Explain how Levi’s achieved business success through the use of information, information technology, and people Describe the types of Levi’s jeans information staff employees at a Wal-Mart store require and compare it to the types of Levi’s jeans information the executives at Wal-Mart’s corporate headquarters require Arrange the five units covered in this text and rank them in order of greatest to least impact on Levi’s competitive strategy

CHAPTER ONE CASE Technology in Business Forester Research prediction that online retail sales would hit $101.1 billion in the United States came true in 2003

CHAPTER ONE CASE Technology in Business 24 million households in the United States had broadband connections in 2003

CHAPTER ONE CASE Technology in Business Online advertising revenue hit $3 billion in 2003

CHAPTER ONE CASE Technology in Business According to eMarketer, the global Internet population was over 633 million in 2003