The Scientific Revolution

Describe Ptolemy’s model of the Universe: A. Geocentric view: Physical Earth in middle – universe is light revolving around us ~90AD -168AD

Why did he believe the Earth was stationary? 1.If Earth moved fast, we’d fall off it. 2. Sky “looks” like its rotating around us.

Describe why the Church believed in the Geocentric Model: A.Bible supported “physical” Earth and spiritual (light) Heavens

More reasons… B. Bible says “God made the Earth so it would not move.” C. Aristotle (Ancient Greek scientist) supported geocentric - Everyone believed he was always right I’m a regular Einstein!

Astronomers challenge geocentric view. Heliocentric View

Copernicus 1473 - 1543 *First to argue that Sun was the center: heliocentric Felt Ptolemy’s systems too complicated to be true. Also felt that Sun was the “essence of God” and should be the center of universe.

Kepler Describe how he created his heliocentric model: Used observations of sky to make Mathematical calculations proving Kepler’s First Law: planets revolve around sun in elliptical orbits. How could he prove his model was correct? His model accurately predicted the motion of the planets.

Galileo 1564 - 1642 What discoveries did he make and how did he make them? 1st to use telescope to make detailed observations of sky. Saw mountains on moon – “heavens” physical matter, not “spiritual light” Saw moons around Jupiter – not everything revolved around Earth. Ptolemiac system WROOOONG

What was Galileo’s view on the role of Religion and Science? Felt religion was for learning about soul, and science used for learning about nature.

The Rise of Science

Francis Bacon 1561 - 1626 Describe how you find knowledge with Bacon’s “Scientific Method”: Begin with direct observation Form a theory about it Test theory Describe how “inductive reasoning” works: Take specific information and makes a broader generalization that is considered probable, allowing for the fact that the conclusion may not be accurate.

Isaac Newton: 1643AD – 1727 What discoveries did Newton make and how did they support the Heliocentric Model? Discovered laws of motion - Inertia explains why we don’t go flying off Earth - Gravity explains why planets revolve around sun

Explain why Newton is perhaps the most influential scientist in history: Newton’s laws explain and predict how everything in the universe moved. Revolutionized ability of scientists to conduct experiments.

Process Log Is the way that the Scientists found knowledge about the world better than the way the Church did? 1st Sentence: Your Answer 2nd – 5th Sentences: Support your answer. Use at least 2-3 facts you learned in class today. Explain how each fact supports your answer.