The Origin of the Universe NGC 2207, NGC 2163

A Brief History of Ancient Cosmology Babylonian Sky Dome Greek/Roman god Atlas Aristotle’s Geocentric Universe

Ptolomy’s Geocentric Universe

Kepler’s elliptical orbit

Galileo Galilei ( )

Galileo, the Church and the Scriptures Psalm 93:1,2 The LORD reigns, he is robed in majesty; the LORD is robed in majesty and is armed with strength. The world is firmly established;it cannot be moved. Your throne was established long ago; you are from all eternity.

Galileo, the Church and the Scriptures Psalm 97:1-4 The LORD reigns, let the earth be glad;let the distant shores rejoice. Clouds and thick darkness surround him; righteousness and justice are the foundation of his throne. Fire goes before him and consumes his foes on every side. His lightning lights up the world; the earth sees and trembles.

Albert Einstein

Relativity & Curved Space

The Expanding Universe The velocity of expansion is expressed in the equation: v = Hr in which v is velocity, r is distance between two points, and H, called Hubble's constant, is a proportionality value that relates velocity and distance.

The Doppler Effect Stationary Source Moving Source

The Redshift Problems

Various Cosmological Models

space time (infinity) Lemaitre/Eddington Hesitation Model Origin in unobservable time 0 0

space Hoyle’s Steady State Model Hydrogen gushers in unobservable space time (infinity) 0 0

Another Thought Experiment

Stephen Hawking and “imaginary time” “What place, then, for a creator?”

Bumps in the Big Bang

space Oscillating Big Bang Model 99% of required matter unobservable time (infinity) 0 0

space Inflationary Big Bang Model Unobserved in time time (infinity) 10 sec

“It’s like looking at god.” George Smoot and the “background radiation”

Background Radiation The “Face of God?”

Background Radiation and Compton Scattering

Scientific “Proof?”

Background Radiation The Smooth Cosmic Background Radiation Fluctuations of less than 1/100,000 of the average background radiation. The Clumpy Universe Structured patterns that stretch across 1/4 of the universe

Cosmological Models Come & Go

Evidence for a Young Earth ProcessMax Age (years) Evolution Age (years) 1. Galaxies wind up too fastseveral million10 Billion 2. Comets Disintegrate too quickly100,00010 Billion 3. Earth's continents erode too fast15 million5 Billion 4. Not enough sediment on the sea floors15 million200 million 5. Ocean accumulates sodium too fast60 million3 Billion 6. Earth's magnetic field energy decays too fast.10,0005 Billion 7. Multilayer fossils straddle too many strataseveralmillions 8. Many strata are too tightly bentseveral thousand100 million 9. Out of sequence fossils scramble timetable?100s of millions 10. Not enough helium in earth's atmosphere2 million5 billion 11. Fossil radioactivity shortens "geologic ages“ to several years instantaneous5 billion

Creation’s Tiny Mystery Radio Halo Evidence IC418

Starlight and Time

In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. Genesis 1:1

Significant Sources Answers in Genesis Institute for Creation Research Christian Answers Network See online lecture notes for other sources