Classification of Living Things

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Classification of Living Things
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Presentation transcript:

Classification of Living Things Learning About The Kingdoms Of Life

What is Classification? The organization of objects using characteristics & attributes

Biological Classification Systems that name & organize living things in a meaningful way AKA taxonomy

History Aristotle 400 BC Not a good system. Why????? Used 2 categories and subdivided according to how they moved & where they lived Plants Air, land, water Animals Not a good system. Why????? Used for 2000 years

History 1600’s began to classify according to similarities in form (structure) 1700’s Carolus Linnaeus (Swedish) Created system used today Used system to ID all known plants & animals of his time Developed a systematic naming process Simple, logical, easy

Old Naming System (pre-Linnaeus) Confusing Had up to 12 names Names for same animal/plant different in different countries & books

Modern System (post-Linnaeus) 2 functions 1 groups organisms according to basic characteristics 2 gives unique name to each organism Ranges from general (Kingdom) to specific (Species) Based on evolutionary relationships To be in same species, must be capable of interbreeding & produce fertile young EX: horse + donkey = mule (not fertile) EX: lion + tiger = liger/tigon (not fertile)

Think of it like this… Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Kings Play Cards On Fat Green Stools Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Binomial Nomenclature- 2 name naming system Bi two Nom name Clature system Uses Genus & species EX: Homo sapiens AKA modern man

HOMEWORK Come up with a new mnemonic device to help remember the classification system Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species Make a picture to go with your saying Be creative  Due Tomorrow! Must be a neat, final copy Picture colored

The Five Kingdoms

Animals Multicellular Specialized cells & structures, including tissues, organs, organ systems Own form of locomotion Heterotrophs No rigid cell walls 1,000,000+ known species

Plants Multicellular Specialized cells and structures Photosynthesizes food (makes own) Rigid cell walls for support made of cellulose 250,000+ known species

Fungi Multicellular Specialized cells & structures Absorbs food Has rigid cell walls made of chitin 100,000+ known species

Protists Unicellular or multi cellular microscopic Nucleus seen inside cell Sometimes found in chains or colonies, but don’t work together Has other cell structures 250,000+ known species Absorbs, ingests or photosynthesizes (makes own) food

Monerans Single celled (unicellular) Microscopic No nucleus inside cell Lacks other cell structures Absorbs food 10,000+ known species

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