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 A machine  Built to help us  Autonomous (not remote control)  If we want robots to do things for us, we have to program them  How do we program a robot?  What does the robot need to KNOW to do useful things? 4

 Imagine picking up some trash from the floor and taking it to the nearest garbage bin  What does a robot need to know? 5

 Understand what’s around them, where is the trash? ( SENSE )  Work out what they are going to do, what does “pick up garbage” mean? ( PLAN )  Do it, move, turn ( ACT ) 6

 How do we do things?  Called ACTING  What do robots have to do things? 7

Gripper Motor Legs Wheels Tracks Face Display Speech 8

 We need to give instructions to the robots  That’s what programming is  Many programming languages  We’re going to use a programming language called NXT-g  Graphical  Easy  Powerful 9

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 Remember: Run the robot on the floor  Take the cable out of the shoulder (leave it in the computer)  Orange button finds and runs the program  Remember: the dark gray button is the kill switch. Use this if the robot goes nuts.  What happened? 26

 Move forward 3 seconds, then backward 3 seconds  Move forward 3 seconds, and turn left or right (try to get close to a 90 o turn)  Once complete, you can play with  Power  Duration  Sharp vs. lazy turn 27

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 Make the robot move forward for 3 seconds  Download program to robot  Unplug robot  Find the new program on the robot  Press gray button to go back to the folder with your programs in it  Use left and right arrow buttons to find “square” program  Use orange button to run the “square” program 30

 Add instructions to drive around in a square, start and end in the same spot  What was that like?  Robot does exactly what you tell it to do  Every robot is different  Eight move blocks 31

 How many blocks do you need:  To drive a square twice?  To drive a square twenty times?  Is there a better way to do this?  Let’s create a new program 32

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 Use the loop structure to make your robot drive around in a rough square  Make the robot drive EXACTLY once around the square, and then stop  Make the robot drive once around a square, and then rotate roughly 360 degrees on the spot 36

 What do we use to get information about the world?  This is called SENSING  Is your robot “smart”?  What do robots use to get information about the world? 37

Camera Color Ultra Sonic Infra Red Touch Sound 38

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 Make your robot drive around without crashing into objects in its way  Scan in front of you  IF there’s nothing close,  THEN drive forward  IF there is an object ‘close’  THEN turn 90 degrees  Do this forever  Hint: Robots can only do ONE thing at a time 49

 How are we able to deal with things that occur as we do our stuff?  How do we put things together in a sequence?  This is called PLANNING  How does your robot decide what to do? 50

 Think of IF-THEN rules  IF THEN  IF AND THEN  IF OR THEN  IF NOT THEN 51

 You’ve been programming your robot  Giving the PLANS or INSTRUCTIONS to do tasks  Using SENSORS to help make decisions  Using EFFECTORS to carry out those plans 52

 Would you want to hang out with your robot?  What mood is your robot in?  Can robots have moods? 53

 Social robots will interact with us in our world  Need to cooperate, communicate and collaborate with humans  Have to understand our goals, our actions, and our behaviors  What do robots need to achieve this? 54

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BANG!!! 56

OUCH!!!! BANG!!! Ooops. Sorry! 57

The offer seems really good…. VRRROOOMMM Wait a second…hang on… ROOMBA: NOT NOW!!! So I think we can go ahead with the sale…

 Can you guess what this robot does? 59

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 How do you communicate?  How do I know how you feel?  Do you act differently to communicate different things? 62

 Uses sounds to make noise  Uses display to show expressions, art and messages  Uses actions to reinforce mood 63

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 Create a POLITE robot and show it off  Create a SHY robot and show it off  Create a FRANTIC robot and show it off  Create a SILLY robot and show it off 67

 Designing new robots  New sensors  New ways of combining sensor information  New effectors  Making robots think  How to get them to talk  How to make their eyes work  All of this involves writing programs 68

 Study math and science  Join robot clubs  Scratch?  Tell your friends to take this workshop 69

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 Create a new program (called avoidRedObjects):  Make the robot drive around  IF it detects something RED  THEN stop 71