AGROTERROR “May we live in interesting times.” NATIONAL GOVERNORS ASSOCIATION FEBRUARY 6 TH, 2003

AGROTERROR CREDIBLE THREAT?

The Threat is Real  280 US documents on agroterror found in the caves of Afghanistan translated into Arabic  A substantial portion of the al Qaeda Training Manual is dedicated to agroterror

AGROTERROR  RAND CORP. SECURITY ANALYSTS “THOUSANDS OF FOOD PROCESSING PLANTS HAVE MINIMAL BIOSECURITY AND WORKFORCES UNSCREENED”  NO US CITY HAS MORE THAN A 7 DAY FOOD SUPPLY

ASYMMETRIC WARFARE “INDUCTION OF ADVERSE EFFECTS THAT WILL UNDERMINE ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, OR POLITICAL CONFIDENCE” IT IS THE TYPE OF WARFARE CONDUCTED BY A 3 RD WORLD COUNTRY OR TERRORIST NETWORK AGAINST A SUPER POWER IT IS THE TYPE OF WARFARE CONDUCTED BY A 3 RD WORLD COUNTRY OR TERRORIST NETWORK AGAINST A SUPER POWER

ASYMMETRIC WARFARE “MISINFORMATION CAN BE AS EFFECTIVE AS THE ACTUAL EVENT WHEN IT COMES TO AGROTERROR”

MISINFORMATION  OIE REQUIRES TRANSPARENCY OF REPORTING OF A NATION’S DISEASE STATUS AS A REQUIREMENT FOR INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE PRODUCTS

AGROTERROR  The purpose of agroterror is to cause economic destruction  Decrease the faith in the safety of the food supply  Decrease the availability of food  A vehicle for the dissemination of a chemical or biologic agent

Plans, Plans, Plans  FMD Plan  Avian Influenza Plan  Animal Health Emergency Management Plan  FEOP  SEOP  Model State Plan???????????

Model State Emergency Operations Plan  Comprehensive Emergency Management Format  Emergency Support Function  Annex  All Hazard

Model Plan  PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE, ANIMALS AND ANIMAL INDUSTRY MODEL STATE EMERGENCY OPERATIONS PLAN

Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan  Introduction  Purpose  Responsibilities (Primary, Support)  Concept of Operations (Mitigation, Response and Recovery)  Succession of Authority

KEY ELEMENTS  CERTAIN CATASTROPHIC EVENTS EITHER NATURAL OR MAN-MADE INVOLVING PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE, ANIMALS AND ANIMAL INDUSTRY WILL BE DECLARABLE EMERGENCIES OR DISASTERS TO PROTECT HUMAN LIFE, PROPERTY AND THE ECONOMY

KEY ELEMENTS  PRIMARY AGENCIES ARE IDENTIFIED (DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, BOARDS OF ANIMAL HEALTH, ANIMAL HEALTH COMMISSIONS AND/OR UNIVERSITIES)  SUPPORT AGENCIES (DOT, DOD, LE, DHR, SEMA, FEMA, DNR)

KEY ELEMENTS  PRIMARY AGENCY OR AGENCIES MUST HAVE THE AUTHORITY TO QUARANTINE, STOP MOVEMENT, DETAIN IN ONE LOCATION OR MOVE TO ANOTHER ANIMALS, EQUIPMENT, OR PRODUCTS FOR THE CONTROL AND ERADICATION OF DISEASE

KEY ELEMENTS  SUCCESSION OF AUTHORITY: THE COMMISSIONER OR DIRECTOR OF THE PRIMARY AGENCY OR AGENCIES WILL IDENTIFY EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT COORDINATORS THAT WILL HAVE THE AUTHORITY TO DEDICATE EQUIPMENT, PERSONNEL AND FACILITIES OF SUCH AGENCIES AND REQUEST ASSSISTANCE FROM OTHERS TO SUPPORT THIS ESF.

KEY ELEMENTS  SUCCESSION OF AUTHORITY : MUST BE CONSISTENT WITH THE FEDERAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN  MUST SUPPORT ANY OTHER ESF TO SAVE HUMAN LIFE  MUST BE CONSISTENT WITH THE US GOVERNMENT INTERAGENCY DOMESTIC TERRORISM CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS (CONPLAN) *FBI/OIG USDA*

KEY ELEMENTS  MUST HAVE A METHOD OF ACQUIRING, MAINTAINING, EVALUATING AND DISSEMINATING INFORMATION IN A RESTRICTED AND SECURE ENVIRONEMENT  A PARALLEL BUT SEPARATE LINE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TO THE HISTORICALLY TRANSPARENT REPORTING SYSTEM  SECURE METHOD OF OPERATIONS

National Emergency Management Association Big Sky Montana September 11, 2001

GEORGIA EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY Foreign Animal Disease & Its Consequences Paul Williams, DVM

Foot and Mouth Disease Exercise June , 2001 State Operations Center Georgia Emergency Management

Participants Georgia Emergency Management Agency Georgia Department of Agriculture DNR Wildlife Resources DNR Environmental Protection Division USDA, APHIS Georgia Department of Transportation Department of Defense

Participants Department of Human Resources / Division of Public Health Georgia Bureau of Investigation Department of Transportation / Law Enforcement Department of Administrative Services UGA, Diagnostic Disease Laboratories UGA, Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study

Participants UGA, Department of Pathology Members of the Livestock Industries Emergency Management, Iowa Emergency Management, Connecticut Dept. of Agriculture, Connecticut

Other Players State of Florida State of North Carolina State of South Carolina

Scenario FMD presumptive diagnosis, Volusia Co., FL FMD confirmed, Volusia Co., FL Sales traced to Gainesville, FL Market Sales traced to Moultrie, GA Market

Objectives Test ESF 14 response SOC / Unified Command Approach Test Support Agencies / SOPs 1. DOD 2. Law Enforcement Cost of Operations

What does it cost? Cost in indemnity - ($700 Million + in GA) Cost in disease control and eradication (Laboratory, Veterinarians, Industry) Cost in negative economic impact to the economy (collateral damage) $10B / 30 wks Cost of operations in support of the disaster (The Emergency Management System)

Cost of Emergency Management Operations for one 6-mile Quarantine Zone for 7 days

Cost of Operations for Actual Scenario Total USDA cost of indemnity $700M/GA 6 months to a year more likely

Issues Agriculture / national critical infrastructure FEMA / FAD not a Stafford Act Issue FEMA / USDA MOU $1.5 billion disaster with no 5% Administrative Costs for disaster that could have a recovery period of years

Issues Lost $74.35M in administrative costs to GA alone Agricultural declaration will assist farmers with low-interest rate loans No community/individual assistance for the collaterally damaged ( a 6 county area with less than 7000 people per county has $174M in animal industry farm receipts) = ghost towns

FMD IMPACT ON MONTANA MT- Population 900,000 / GA-8.2M MT- 11th in cattle production / GA-26th MT- 2.6M cattle / GA-1.1M MT- Cattle cash receipts $1.6B / GA-$600M TX- 98M Cattle / 1st 24 hrs. of an FMD outbreak would cost $26B in economic loss to Texas

Montana’s Collateral Damages 650,000 sportsman purchased 1.3 million hunting related licenses = $28.7M These sportsmen spent an additional $325M on supplies, travel, lodging, food and other fees. Hunting and fishing = $176B nationally (U.S. Census Bureau)

FMD Collateral Damages Hunting and fishing: supports 2.2 million jobs nationally. Generates $49.3 billion in household income Contributes $43 billion in state taxes Contributes $6.3 billion in federal taxes

Solutions Policy Domestic and International Trade (OIE, EU, other trading partners) Research and Development 1. Vaccine 2. Gene-deleted vaccine 3. Cost Analysis = Involve all stakeholders