CSREES Global Change and Climate Program Dr. Louie Tupas National Program Leader

Cooperative State Research, Education & Extension Service

MISSION To advance knowledge for agriculture, the environment, human health and well being, and communities

VISION Agriculture is a knowledge-based, global enterprise, sustained by the innovation of scientists and educators.

Function 1 Program leadership to identify, develop, and manage programs to support university-based and other institutional research, education, and extension activities

Function 2 Fair, effective, and efficient administration of Federal assistance implementing research, education, and extension awards and agreements

Natural Resources & Environment Unit (NRE) A broad emphasis area which integrates research, education, and extension expertise to address contemporary environmental and natural resource problems with new approaches that are economically sound and environmentally advantageous.

CSREES Strategic Plan NRE programs strengthen the nation's capacity to address critical environmental priorities and contribute to improved air, soil, and water quality; fish and wildlife management; enhanced aquatic and other ecosystems; the sustainable use and management of forests, rangelands, watersheds, and other renewable natural resources; and a better understanding of global climate change, including its impact on the diversity of plant and animal life.

Global Change and Climate Program Global Carbon Cycle: Identify the size, variability and potential future changes to reservoirs and fluxes of carbon. Land Use/Land Cover Change: Identify the processes that determine the temporal and spatial distribution of land cover and land use at multiple scales. Ecosystems Dynamics: Identify options society may have to ensure that desirable ecosystem goods and services are sustained in the context of uncertainties in climate. Global Water Cycle: Identify trends in the intensity of the water cycle and determine the causes of these changes. Human Contributions and Responses: Identify how human activities interact to drive changes in the climate system, land use, and related systems, and how humans prepare for and respond to these changes

Climate and Agriculture Impact of weather and climate on agriculture and natural resources Characterize the contributions of climate variability to risks in management of agricultural, forestry and water resources. Develop information and decision aids based on the use of seasonal climate forecasts, historical climate data, and other climate analyses. Design and implement appropriate vehicles for disseminating climate and decision support information.

Climate and Land Resources Evaluation of changes in land use in response to population growth, urban and suburban growth, recreational needs, agriculture and other factors. Identifying methodological advances to improve land use and land-cover change analyses Identifying the current areas of rapid land-use and land- cover change at local, regional, and national scales. Determining how land-use and land-cover changes affect the form and functioning of ecosystems, including the ability to provide essential goods and services.

Transforming the Future: Adaptation and Mitigation Adaptation involves taking action to minimize the effects of anthropogenic climate change and lessen civilization's vulnerabilities to its negative effects. Mitigation involves taking actions aimed at reducing the extent of anthropogenic climate change and its negative effects.

Employ research based information and education programs to meet the needs of local clientele. Extend research-based knowledge to the public and engage people in life-long learning.

Global and Climate Change Program FY Joint RFA with NASA (Carbon Management) 2008 Joint RFA with EPA (Climate Change, Land Use, Invasive Species) Maximum $200,000 per year for up to three years; Maximum request $600,000 CSREES independently or co-shares funds with federal partners

Global Change and Climate Funding Year 2004 Carbon cycle 2005 Land Use # of proposals5631 # of proposals awarded129 % success21%29% Average award size (standard) $500,000$400,000 Average award duration3 years

Global and Climate Change Program Funding Year 2007 Carbon Management 2008 Climate change/Land Use/Invasive Species # of proposals74 (15)46 # of proposals awarded22 (4)9 (3) Success rate (%) 30%(27%) 20% Average award size $400,000$550,000 Average award duration3 years

ACCESSION NO: SUBFILE: CRIS PROJ NO: ALKR AGENCY: CSREES ALKR PROJ TYPE: NRI COMPETITIVE GRANT PROJ STATUS: NEW CONTRACT/GRANT/AGREEMENT NO: PROPOSAL NO: START: 15 MAY 2008 TERM: 14 MAY 2011 GRANT YR: 2008 GRANT AMT: $254,000 INVESTIGATOR: McGuire, A. D. PERFORMING INSTITUTION: INST OF ARCTIC BIOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA FAIRBANKS, ALASKA ASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF FIRE & INSECT DISTURBANCE ON THE TERRESTRIAL CARBON BUDGETS OF FORESTED AREAS IN CANADA, ALASKA, & THE WESTERN U.S.

Global and Climate Change Program Collaborations Enhancing ecosystem services from agricultural lands: management, quantification and developing decision support tools. (Joint with EPA) Regional studies that provide decision support tools for sustainable adaptive responses and carbon mitigation in agricultural lands and forests.

Selected Provisions of the Research Title of the 2008 Farm Bill

REE Program Office  REE Program Office will coordinate agricultural research, from Undersecretary’s office  Divisions Include: 1) Renewable energy, natural resources, and environment; 2) Food safety, nutrition, and health; 3) Plant health and production and plant products; 4) Animal health and production and animal products; 5) Agricultural systems and technology; and 6) Agricultural economics and rural communities.  Opportunity for re-organization and strategic realignment for the future of USDA Ag REE

Roadmap for Ag REE  The Secretary must prepare a roadmap for agricultural research, extension & education  Identify major opportunities & knowledge gaps  Stakeholders involved in preparation  Incorporate other roadmaps for ag research  Recommend funding levels

Organizational Changes  National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) established by October 1, 2009  Agency head appointed to a 6-year term by the President  Reports directly to the Secretary or designee  CSREES Authorities Will Be Incorporated into NIFA  REE Under Secretary serves as USDA’s chief scientist

Other Provisions  Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) to become the core competitive grant program for research, education and extension  Effective in FY 2009  Research Funding Split 60% to fundamental and 40% to applied.  Authorizes up to $700,000,000 annual funding  Not less than 30% for integrated projects (406 authority maintained and referenced)

Individuals in a social context Causes –Why do people behave the way they do? Values Beliefs vs. knowledge Constraints on behavior Impacts –Who is the most vulnerable? –Who is the least resilient? Responses –What desired behaviors are socially and culturally acceptable? –What innovations are likely to produce social movements ?

Communities Response –Community ability to adapt to change –Community role in coordinating individual household behavior –Changes in decision making approaches

Organizations and institutions Responses –How is government organized to manage natural resources? –Better systems for conflict management –Changes in how scientific and technical information is handled/communicated