From the initial (HINARI) PubMed page, we will run the HIV and pregnancy search and then apply various Filters. Note the to Advanced search and Help options. PubMed Filters

After completion of a search, the default Filters are displayed in a left-column frame. We will apply different Filters to the results of the HIV and pregnancy search - a total of citations.

Initially we will apply the Publication dates filter. We have clicked on the 5 years option. This limits the search results to Note the check mark next to Publication Dates section. Also note clear icon. There is a Clear all option at the bottom of the page. If you do not clear your options, they will be applied to future searches.

In the Specify Custom Date Range filter, we have entered the first date of 2013 range to date (2013/01/01 to blank) and clicked on the Apply icon.

By using a Specify Custom Date Range filter, we have 639 citations for HIV AND pregnancy search. Below the results, there is the Filters activated line that includes the Clear all option. The specific Filters Activated is noted with a check mark. We will click on the Clear option to remove this. You also can click on the specific filter.

We have cleared all the Filters and the results of the HIV and pregnancy search are the initial number of citations.

We have clicked on the Show additional filters link and now will check the Languages box and click on Show.

Displayed is the drop down menu for Languages filters. Note that English is the default language and more than one can be checked.

We now will investigate the Article types filters. The default types are displayed. By clicking on more…, you can display other options.

We have clicked on the more… option for Article types and opened the drop down menu. We will add Review and Practice Guidelines article types and click on Show.

In the Article types, we have clicked on the Practice Guidelines and Review options. The results of the HIV and pregnancy search are 2301 citations. Remember to clear these filters.

We have clicked on Show additional filters and the drop down menu has been displayed. We will add the Ages option by checking the box and clicking on Show.

By clicking on more… in the Ages filters, all the options are displayed. For the HIV and pregnancy search, we will check the Adolescent: years and Young Adult:19-24 years boxes and click on Show. Once displayed, we will click on the new Ages filters.

Note how the two Ages filters have the check mark and HIV and pregnancy search is reduced to 3534 citations. Below the results, there is the Filters activated line that includes the Clear all option.

We will view one final additional set of filters by clicking the Search fields box and Show.

A new drop down menu is displayed. We will highlight the Affiliation option and click on Apply. After this filter is activated, we will type WHO in the PubMed search box and click on Search.

The results of the WHO affiliation search are 6176 citations. In the Abstract display option, we have clicked on the Author information link. Note the WHO affiliation of the authors.

We now will activate the journal Search field filter, enter emerging infectious diseases in the PubMed search box and click on Apply.

The results of the emerging infectious diseases journal affiliation search are 6630 citations. This search lists the total number of articles from this journal in PubMed. Remember to clear this Journal search field filter.

We now will activate the Author Search field filter, enter ribeiro in the PubMed search box and click on Apply.

The results of the ribeiro author search are citations. This search lists the total number of articles by all authors named ribeiro in PubMed.

To further filter this search, add the author’s initial(s). The results of the Ribeiro e author search are 465 citations.

The original HIV and pregnancy search has been displayed. We will discuss the Text availability filters.

In this example the Free full text available filter has been activated. The search results are 3320 citations. This lower number does not include any HINARI citations. Therefore, we recommend not using these filters.

Exercise Complete exercises in the workbook.

We now will use Advanced Search option that enables you to use the Builder feature. Access to Advanced Search is from the initial PubMed page or the Search Results page. Advanced Search

In the Advanced Search Builder, we have opened the All Fields drop down menu. You can add terms in all or specific fields using the AND, OR, NOT Boolean operators.

We have added the Text Words tuberculosis and drug resistance to the Builder search boxes. We have used the AND Boolean operator. When entered, these search terms are displayed in the box above the Builder.

Note that you can display or hide the Index list. We have displayed the initial list of index terms for tuberculosis. You can enter any of these terms into the search box.

We now will click on the MeSH Terms option in the Builder drop down menu and insert the term developing countries into the search box. We will run the Search.

The results of the tuberculosis AND drug resistance AND developing countries search are 130 citations. To return to Advanced Search, click on the hypertext link below the PubMed Search box. Note, in the Filter your results list, that there are 32 Free Full Text and 51 HINARI citations.

We have returned to the Advanced Search Builder page. Note that the Search History has been activated and lists the recently completed search as #1. You can return to the Summary display of the search results by clicking on the Items Found #.

The results of the tuberculosis AND drug resistance AND developing countries search are 122 citations. To return to Advanced Search, click on the hypertext link below the PubMed Search box. Note, in the Filter your results list, that there are 32 Free Full Text and 47 HINARI citations.

We have returned to the Advanced Search Builder page. Note that the Search History has been activated and lists the recently completed search as #1. You can return to the Summary display of the search results by clicking on the Items Found #.

Exercise 16 Complete exercises 16 in the workbook.