President James Monroe Elected in 1816 (Democratic- Republican [Republican]) Two Terms: “Era of Good Feelings” Monroe Doctrine

John Quincy Adams Monroe’s Secretary of State Architect of the Monroe Doctrine Wide experience in international politics Brilliant thinker and politician Son of 2nd president, John Adams and future president ( )

“Treaties” w/ John Quincy Adams Rush-Bagot Agreement –Limited naval armament on Great Lakes –Established unfortified boundary with Canada British American Convention –Established the US-Canadian border along the 49th parallel –Signaled better relations with the British and British Canada Adams-Onis Treaty (Florida Land Purchase) –Andrew Jackson attacked raiders from Florida –Spain ceded Florida to the US –Western boundary w/ Spain settled (New Spain) –Spain nearly done as a colonial power –Mexican Revolution of 1821 would oust Spanish rule and establish Mexican independence.

The West and Northwest,

JQ Adams - Treaties

U.S.-British Boundary Settlement, 1818

Rush-Bagot Treaty

The Southeast,

The Monroe Doctrine 1823 (Sec. Of State - John Quincy Adams) No more European colonization in Western Hemisphere US dominance of Western Hemisphere established

The Monroe Doctrine

Implications in the Western Hemisphere US dominance until the present US role in Latin American affairs European direct influence limited

Nationalism (Cultural and Political) and the Era of Good Feelings Star-Spangled Banner (1814 Francis Scott Key) Basically a one-party system (Democratic-Republicans) Solidified American expansion and borders Secured US as a respected nation Growth of a national economy Webster’s school speller Various paintings of Revolutionary War heroes, etc.

The Era of Good Feelings

Economic Nationalism Tariff of high tariff rates to protect US industry American System proposed by Henry Clay Panic of 1819 –2nd Bank of US (BUS) - tighter money supply –State banks closed = money deflated (lost value) –Hardest hit was the WEST –Changed politics Political changes as a result of economic changes: –Changes in old Republican Party ( Jefferson’s Democratic- Republicans) –Federalist party = Dead –Splits emerge in (Jeffersonian) Republican party based on regional differences

Evolution of Major Parties

Panic of 1819

The American System (Henry Clay) Henry Clay proposed an “American System” which called for: –Protective tariffs –National bank –Internal (transportation and infrastructural improvements Not a formal ‘document’ or plan Tariff and bank were in place. National leaders differed on the spending of federal money on road-building and other improvements

Missouri Statehood Missouri - applied for statehood in 1819 Balance of free and slave states in question Tallmadge Amendment - limited attempt ot eliminate slaver in MO - angered southern states Henry Clay (Kentucky) proposed a compromise: 1. MO Admitted as a slaveholding state 2. Maine Admitted as a free state Louisiana Territory - north of 36˚ 30’ N - slavery prohibited Monroe signed in 1820

The Missouri Compromise and Slavery,

20 The Missouri Compromise, 1820– 1821

Map 9.3 The Missouri Compromise, 1820–1821 (p. 272)

The Missouri Compromise