Beginning of American Nationalism

Causes of American Nationalism “victory” in the War of 1812 New territories added to America New generation of post-Revolutionary War Americans Causes of the Growth of Nationalism The “victory” over the British in the War of 1812 New territories added to the US Expanding Economy A new generation of Americans

President James Monroe and the Era of Good Feelings Diplomat Negotiator of Louisiana Purchase Secretary of State (1808 – 1816) Last veteran of the Revolution to be President

The American System Proposed by Henry Clay System of higher tariffs to create infrastructure for the West Supported by the Northeast because of protective tariffs supported by Westerners because of road and bridge construction Southerners mixed, soon to oppose most tariffs

The American System Vetoed by Madison and Monroe; why? Put in over the years by Congress parts at a time influence of the West

The Panic of 1819

Panic of 1819 Land Speculation Growth of “wildcat banks” Land prices rise Overinvestment in western land Prices collapse BUS shuts down banks in the West Thousands go bankrupt Depression

The Missouri Compromise First major crisis over slavery Compromise by Clay Admission of Missouri would give “slave” states advantage in the Senate Missouri admitted Slavery banned north of 36’30 latitude State of Maine created to maintain balance

The Missouri Compromise

The Marshall Court “loose” interpretation of Constitution Use of strong, federal power Sets precedents that establish supremacy of national government

The Marshall Court Major Cases McCulloch v. Maryland – established supremacy of the national government over the states; “the power to tax is the power to destroy” Dartmouth College v. Woodward – protects contracts from state actions Cohens v. Virginia – applies judicial review to State legislatures Gibbons v. Ogden – power to control interstate commerce resides only with national government

The Acquisition of Florida Florida becomes lawless territory Jackson sent to patrol the border; enters Spanish territory illegally

The Acquisition of Florida Jackson vs. the Seminoles Executes chief, British mercenaries War with Spain possible

The Acquisition of Florida Treaty negotiated with Spain by John Quincy Adams US acquires Florida; gives up claims to disputed territory in Louisiana War averted; Jackson a national hero

The Monroe Doctrine Designed to prevent foreign involvement in weakened Spanish western hemisphere Written and negotiated by Adams States that this hemisphere is off-limits to foreign intrusions Supported by Britain (why?)