Resistance to Absolutism. Resistance Theory  Is there room to resist an king given that position by God?  Aristotle (384-322 BCE)  Augustine (354-430.

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Presentation transcript:

Resistance to Absolutism

Resistance Theory  Is there room to resist an king given that position by God?  Aristotle ( BCE)  Augustine ( CE)  Thomas Aquinas ( CE)  John Milton ( )  The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates (1649)

John Milton (1649)

The Failure of Absolutism in England

Heir to the Budding Empire Elizabeth I (d. 1603) James I of England (r )

James I of England (r )  True Law of Free Monarchies (1579)  Gunpowder Plot  Guy Fawkes (5 November 1605)  Imposed taxes to deal with the debt (that he himself had incurred) but did not call parliament

The Gunpowder Plot

Charles I of England (r )  Married Henrietta Maria, daughter of King Henry IV of France  refused to call Parliament  Engaged in war with Scotland  Over imposition of English Book of Common Prayer  Civil War  Puritans  Tried for “waging war on parliament” 1649  Executed for treason January 1649

The Execution of Charles I (1649)

Execution Order of Charles I English Civl War in Song

Oliver Cromwell ( , September)  De facto control of England after Charles death though Parliament continued to meet  Led army to fight in Ireland, which had supported Charles  Becomes Lord Protector  Makes position hereditary

Cromwell’s End after Death…

The Glorious Revolution  James II ( )  Catholic  Placed Catholics in positions of authority in spite of Test Acts (1673)  Parliament responds  Invitation issued to William and Mary of Orange to “invade” England  James II flees to France  Institution of constitutional monarchy