Application of GIS and Terrain Analysis to Watershed Model Calibration for the CHIA Project Sam Lamont Robert Eli Jerald Fletcher.

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Presentation transcript:

Application of GIS and Terrain Analysis to Watershed Model Calibration for the CHIA Project Sam Lamont Robert Eli Jerald Fletcher

Background  CHIA: Cumulative Hydrologic Impact Assessment of a mine site  Required of WVDEP, for each proposed mine permit  Surface and groundwater quality and quantity

WVU’s Role  Ultimate goal: Graphical tool to simulate pre- and post-mining conditions  Water quantity: Calibrate watershed model (HSPF) to 235 basins in WV

235 Study Watersheds and Their Outlets

BASINS-GIS Framework ArcView based environment for display and analysis of watershed features Develops input files for HSPF - watershed file (landuse, slope, area) - stream network - reach attributes - point sources This project: WCMS

HSPF: Hydrologic Systems Program - Fortran  Continuous Calculates water balance for each time step R = P – ET – IG – S where: R = Runoff P = Precipitation ET = Evapotranspiration IG = Deep/Inactive Groundwater S = Change in soil storage  Surface and sub-surface hydrology  Inputs = Precip, PET, Temp  Output = Simulated flow

Modeled Precipitation Grid - Hourly Precip – km resolution

How HSPF Represents a Watershed Example: - 5 Sub-watersheds - 5 Stream reaches (Storage-Outflow routing) - Land use types Forest (Steep,Moderate, Mild) Shrub-land Pasture/Grassland Urban Mine Barren Row Crop Wetland Surface Water Outlet point Watershed boundary Flow Direction Stream reach

Percent Slope Distribution

5 Calibration Watersheds

Model Calibration  Trial and error: 1. Run Model 2. Compare output 3. Adjust parameters 4. Repeat  Other software assists this process

HSPEXP: Calculates error statistics, provides advice, plots

Typical Results: Tygart Valley River at Elkins

Further Proposed Terrain Analysis for Calibration Improvement Hoes does watershed shape and structure relate to hydrology? Hoes does watershed shape and structure relate to hydrology? Searching for an index defining hydrologic characteristics. Searching for an index defining hydrologic characteristics. Some examples…

Topographic Index  Beven and Kirkby, 1979 TI = ln(a/tanB) a = area B = slope (relative wetness) Example: Abes Run, Canaan Valley

Rugosity-Surface Area/Planar Area

Drainable Volume - Volume of watershed above a particular elevation

Conclusion Future steps: - Fine-tune calibration: Continue searching for patterns - Validate model - Mine site modeling - Link with WCMS

Questions ?