Alkali Metals By: Rachel, Brittany, Tweeze and Rhiannon

Address—Group one Family Members—Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr Common Family Characteristics—slivery look

Lithium Li

Parent—Johann Artvedson Birth Place—Sweden Birth Date—1817 Gender—Metal

Physical Description 3 Protons 3 electrons 4 neutrons Density g/cm 3 Boiling point oC Melting point oC Specific heat-3.489J Thermal conductivity-84.8W

Chemical Description Valence #-1 Ion-+1 Oxidation #-+1 reactivity- 3 compounds- 1. Lithium Hydroxide 2. Lithium Stearate 3. Lithium Carbonate

Attributes (+)—Heat transfer applications, useful for batteries, has medical applications and can be used for lubricants.

Sodium Na

Parent—Sir Humphrey Davy Birth Place—England Birth Date—1807 Gender—Metal

Physical Description 11 protons 11 electrons 12 neutrons Density-0.971g/cm 3 Boiling point o C melting point o C Specific heat-1.222J Thermal conductivity-142W

Attributes (+)—Animal nutrition, glass, soap, textile, chemical, etc.

Potassium K

Parent—Sir Humphrey Davy Birthplace—Germany Birth date—October 6, 1807 Gender--Metal

Physical Description 19 protons 20 neutrons 19 electrons Density—0.862g/cm Boiling point—770 o C Melting point—63 o C Oxidation #--1 Valence #--1

Rubidium Rb

Rubidium’s Parents Robert Bunsen Gustav Kirchhoff Discovered Rubidium in 1861 in Germany

Gender and Description Alkali Metal 37 Protons and Electrons 48 Neutrons Boiling Point: 963 K Melting Point: K Specific Heat is J Electric Conductivity is 47.8 X 10 ^6 Valence #1 +1 Ion Compounds: RbH (Rubidum Hydroxide), RbCl (Rubidium Cloride), RbO (Rubidium Oxide)

Positive Attributes Has been used for dating rocks like in carbon dating Produces salts used in glass and ceramics

Negative Attributes Not known to be toxic

Attributes (+)—Potassium is used for the growth in plants. It helps cells, tissues and organs to function properly. (-)—Low levels of potassium can cause high blood pressure

Cesium Cs

Cesium’s Parents Robert Bunsen Gustav Kirchhoff Discovered Cesium in 1860 in Germany

Gender and Description Alkali Metal 55 Protons and Electrons 78 Neutrons Boiling Point: 963 K Melting Point: K Specific Heat is 0.24 J Electric Conductivity is 5.3 X 10 ^6 Valence #1 +1 Ion Compounds: CsOH (Cesium Hydroxide), CsCl (Cesium Cloride), CsO (Cesium Oxide)

Positive attributes Used for atomic clocks (very accurate), and is used as a catalyst in hydrating organic compounds

Negative Attributes Can be very harmful, it is mildly toxic and has to be protected from air and water by keeping it under inert gas/liquid or in a vacuum

Francium Fr

Parent—Mlle Birthplace—France Birth date—1939 Gender--Metal

Physical Description 87 protons 87 electrons 136 neutrons Density—1.873g/cm Melting point—27 o C Boiling point—677 o C Atomic weight—223g Atomic Radius—270pm( )

Chemical Description Valence #-1 Oxidation #-1 Ion-+1

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