Germany: Unfinished business BizoniaTrizonia East and West Germany The Formation of NATO (1949) The Warsaw Pact The arms race Why was the arms race significant?

  What issues had to be agreed on after WW2?  Should a reunited Germany be part of the Soviet ‘sphere of influence’, the American ‘sphere of influence’, or should it be ‘neutral’?  Should a reunited Germany have a communist or capitalist government?  Should a reunited Germany receive Marshall Aid?  Should troops from America and the USSR be allowed to remain in a united Germany? Germany: Unfinished Business

  What did the Allies decide to do with Germany and Berlin at the Potsdam Conference?  Divide Germany and Berlin into four  France, Britain, USA and USSR would each take control of a ‘zone’. This was a temporary measure. Germany after WW2

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  When was Bizonia formed?  1947  What was Bizonia?  British and American zones were basically operating as one  What was Trizonia?  After a while Bizonia fused with the French zone. Bizonia and Trizonia

  What was decided by the Western Allies in 1948 to change Western Germany? (2 things)  Britain, France and USA decided to set up a German assembly and constitution  Trizonia also introduced a new currency – the Deutschmark East and West Germany

  Give 3 reasons why Stalin did not want a permanently divided Germany  He did not want the USA to have more influence over Germany  He did not want US troops in Germany  He feared that Germany’s best economic resources were in the west and feared they would be used for war with him East and West Germany

   When did the Berlin Blockade take place?   Why did Stalin set up a military blockade around Berlin?  To prevent the creation of separate state in western Germany and prove a divided Germany would not work The Berlin Blockade

  What was the Allies’ response?  The ‘Berlin Airlift’  Allied planes transported supplies to West Berlin around the clock  First the US committed 70 large cargo planes and airlifted 600 and 700 tonnes of food. This increased to 1000 tonnes a day The Berlin Blockade

  Was the blockade/airlift a success or a failure for:  Stalin?  Failure. He had to end it eventually and accept the situation. He also looked immature and petty  The Americans?  Success. They supported and kept the west Berliners supplied The Berlin Blockade

  When was the FRG officially created?  September 1949  When was the GDR officially created?  October 1949 FRG and GDR

 NATOWarsaw Pact What was it? A Military alliance. If one country was attacked, all members would come to their defence. A military alliance of eastern European countries. Respected each others independence. Would help defend them if attacked When was it formed? April Who did it involve? America, many countries in western Europe USSR and eight other countries including Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Romania NATO and Warsaw Pact

  What was the arms race?  A competition between east and west to have the most and the highest quality of weapons The Arms Race

 USAUSSR 1945 First country to develop the nuclear bomb 1949 Had created a nuclear bomb By 1953 Had H-Bombs 1950s Large numbers of nuclear weapons 1960s Large numbers of nuclear weapons The arms race

  Why was the arms race so significant?  Prevented war in Europe  USSR had 3 million troops so could easily capture Western Germany, but feared US nuclear weapons The arms race

  Make a timeline starting in 1943 and ending in 1955  Add key events in this chapter TIMELINE