FDR, Stalin & Churchill Unconditional surrender from Germany Agreed to divide Germany into 4 zones of occupation USSR, US, Britain & France
Truman, Stalin & Churchill (replaced by Clement Attlee) Ratified Germany being divided up into 4 zones Unconditional surrender from Japan Truman aware of atomic bomb creation Various agreements German economy, punishment for war criminals, land boundaries
US and USSR dominated the postwar world US stronger superpower Most land untouched during WWII Industry thrived Atomic bomb USSR Controlled most of Eastern Europe Red Army: largest military force in the world
International peace-keeping organization Originally 51 members General Assembly All countries meet Security Council Primary responsibility to maintain peace and security Made up of US, USSR, Britain, France & China International Court of Justice Legal disputes/advisory opinions
US Capitalist democracy-enjoyed freedoms Soviet Union Communist-gov’t owned all aspects of life Challenge Stalin: imprisonment or death
Germany US/GB: united Germany & independent Eastern European nations Soviet Union: weak Germany & control over Eastern Europe Satellite states created Independent nations under control of a more powerful nation
After Potsdam Truman believes Soviet Union was “planning world conquest” Stalin controlling Red Army presented a real threat Cold War 46 years ( ) Soviet Union & US never engage in a “hot” military conflict
US Top Priority: contain the spread of Communism Containment policies Truman Doctrine: support nations against Communism Marshall Plan: send aid to countries in W. Europe
W. Berlin: controlled by Allies E. Berlin: controlled by Soviet Union Stalin wanted to capture W. Berlin Blockade: cuts off supplies US & GB Sends aid through massive airlift Committed to containment