By the end of this chapter, you should be able to:  LO1 Define community corrections and discuss its role in the criminal justice system  LO2 Describe the following types of community supervision: pre-trial, and conditional release  LO3 Identify community treatment programs available to offenders and the challenges of supervising offenders in the community, including those with special supervision considerations  LO4 Describe the role of community residential facilities.  LO5 Explain the importance of community acceptance to the success of community correctional programs  LO6 Describe the role that community agencies play in supporting the reintegration of offenders into the community Copyright 2013 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 1 LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Copyright 2013 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 2 LO2 The supervision of offenders who have received a custodial sentence and qualify for community release. All forms include conditions for release. If conditions are not met, the offenders release will be revoked.  Day parole  Full parole  Statutory release  Temporary release (escorted/unescorted)  Long-term supervision order CONDITIONAL RELEASE PROGRAMS

Copyright 2013 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 3 LO2 CONDITIONAL RELEASE TIMELINE

Parole supervision gives offenders to transition from custody to the community. The transition approach supports the offender to identify any problems or challenges early on in the process. Offenders on parole are still serving their sentence, just in the community rather than in jail.  Day parole – the offender must return to the institution each night  Full parole – offenders can apply for parole after serving 1/3 of their sentence or 7 years whichever is less (except some sentences, i.e. first degree murder – cannot apply for 25 years) Copyright 2013 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 4 LO2 PAROLE

Copyright 2013 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 5 LO2 There are approximately 8,400 offenders on federal parole in Canada. The overwhelming majority are successful and do not reoffend. Out of 1,310 offenders released on full parole in 2007  70.5% successfully completed  19.8% breached their conditions  9.2% committed a new non-violent offence PAROLE SUCCESS

Copyright 2013 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 6 LO2  On March 9, 2011 Parliament passed the Protecting Canadians by Ending Sentencing Discounts for Multiple Murders Act  Previously if an offender committed more than one murder, he/she could serve the sentences concurrently (as the same time) if effect only serving the equivalent of one sentence  The judge now can impose consecutive (one after the other) sentences THE END OF SENTENCE DISCOUNTS

Copyright 2013 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 7 LO2  The parole board grants, denies, terminates or revokes parole, statutory release, detains offenders past their statutory release date and grants unescorted temporary absences  Each jurisdiction has its own parole board, which is administered by the Parole Board of Canada THE PAROLE BOARD

 An application is made to have all records of the conviction removed from the Canadian Police Information Centre (CPIC) following a specified crime free waiting period;  Five years (for a summary conviction offence)  Ten years (for an indictable offence)  Formerly called “pardons” Copyright 2013 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 8 RECORD SUSPENSIONS LO2

 Victims are given an opportunity to provide a written statement indicating the impact that the crime has had on their lives  Victims are asked to comment on the impact that the offender’s release may have on them  Victims may apply to attend a parole board hearing (as well as family members, the general public, and the media) Copyright 2013 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 9 VICTIMS AND THE PAROLE PROCESS LO2

Offenders have a legal entitlement to be released into the community after they have served two-thirds of their sentence.  The Parole Board of Canada reviews the eligible offenders and may detain those who they believe are not ready and pose a risk to the public  Offenders may also choose to waive this right and remain in custody  The provincial equivalent of statutory release is called “earned remission”. This is unconditional release. Copyright 2013 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 10 STATUTORY RELEASE LO2

 An offender wears a transmitter on his/her ankle or wrist  The movements of the offender can be tracked electronically  Designed for moderate to high-risk offenders  87.5% success rate (offenders complied with their conditions of release) Copyright 2013 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 11 ELECTRONIC MONITORING LO2