Chapter 10 Cell division Review

This spot that holds the 2 chromatid copies together is called a ______________________ centromere The phase of the cell cycle in which cells stop dividing all together. G0G0

Cell division in bacteria cells is called _______________________ Binary fission Phase of the cell cycle in which DNA is copied S (synthesis)

The proteins that control the cell cycle cyclins Phase of the cell cycle in which the nuclear membrane is present and DNA is spread out into chromatin. interphase

Type of cell division in eukaryotic cells that results in 2 identical daughter cells. mitosis List the phases of mitosis in order starting with prophase. Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis

Phase of mitosis that follows anaphase telophase Phase of the cell cycle that follows G 2 Mitosis (prophase)

This network of fibers that attach and pull the chromosomes apart is called the mitotic ______________ spindle This cell is in __________________ prophase

G 1, S, and G 2 make up this phase of the cell cycle. interphase Area near the nucleus that contains the centrioles and helps to organize spindle formation ______________ centrosome

The place in the cell membrane of an animal cell that pinches in during cytokinesis is called a ____________________ cleavage furrow Plant cells can’t pinch to divide, instead they form a _______________ to divide. cell plate

This phase of the cell cycle is ______________ anaphase Part of interphase in which the cell grows to mature size and carries out its job. G1G1

Phase of mitosis that follows prophase metaphase Phase of the cell cycle that follows S G2G2

This phase of the cell cycle is ________________ metaphase Phase of the cell cycle cell’s spend most of their time in. G 1 of interphase

Disorder in which body cells lose their ability to control cell division cancer One of 2 identical arms that make up a chromosome chromatid

DNA that is all spread out in an interphase nucleus is called ________________ chromatin Phase of mitosis in which the nuclear membrane and nucleolus disappear and the DNA scrunches into chromosomes. prophase

In this part of interphase cells make the molecules and organelles needed for cell division G2G2 The 2 copies of each chromosome are called ______________ chromosomes because are the same size, same shape, and carry genes for the same traits. homologous

These structures at the poles which attach to the spindle fibers and pull the chromosomes. centrioles The cell above is in ______phase meta

When chromatin scrunches together it is called a _________________ chromosome One of 2 identical arms that make up a chromosome chromatid

Phase of mitosis that follows metaphase anaphase Phase of the cell cycle that follows G 1 S

This cell is in ___________ anaphase Phase of cell division in which the nuclear membrane returns and chromosomes spread out into chromatin. telophase

This cell is in __________ telophase The cell above is a _________ cell. animal plant Plant You can see the cell plate forming in center instead of a cleavage furrow.

Substance that causes cancer carcinogen Phase of the cell cycle after S phase in which cells make the molecules and organelles needed for cell division G2G2

Phase of mitosis in which chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of the cell. anaphase The very first dividing phase is _______________ prophase

Phase of the cell cycle where cells spend most of their time. They grow bigger and they do their job as body cells. G1G1 List the phases of mitosis in order starting with interphase Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis

This is called a ______________ Cleavage furrow This cell is _____________ cell. an animal a plant an animal Plants don’t have cleavage furrows.

Condition in which a cell grows too big for its DNA to handle the demand for information DNA overload

What happens to telomeres in cells as the get older? They get shorter What happens to the surface area/volume ratio as cells increase in size? It decreases

Telomeres in cancer cells are ____________ than in normal cells. longer shorter longer Cancer cells have __________ levels of telomerase. increased decreased increased

Process by which a normal cell becomes a cancer cell transformation Substance that can damage DNA and cause cancer carcinogen

Enzyme that replaces the protective telomeres on the ends of chromosomes telomerase The shut down of cell division in cells when they touch neighboring cells Contact inhibition

Enzyme that replaces the protective telomeres on the ends of chromosomes telomerase The shut down of cell division in cells when they touch neighboring cells Contact inhibition

Spread of cancer cells to a new place in the body metastasis Protective ends on the tips of chromosomes telomeres

The requirement that dividing cells need to be attached to a surface in order to divide Anchorage dependence Gene that turns on DNA repair and apoptosis genes and controls the passage of cells into cell division which is often mutated in cancer cells p53

________________ DNA is all spread out as chromatin and nuclear membrane is visible ________________ DNA scrunches up and chromosomes are first visible ________________ Made up of G1, S, G2 ________________ Chromosomes line up in middle of cell INTERPHASE PROPHASE INTERPHASE METAPHASE Prophase (P) Metaphase (M) Anaphase (A) Telophase (T) Interphase (I)

_______________DNA is copied and cell prepares to divide _______________Chromatid arms separate and move to opposite ends of the cell _______________Chromosomes unwind into chromatin & nucleus returns _______________Nuclear membrane & nucleolus disappear INTERPHASE ANAPHASE TELOPHASE PROPHASE Prophase (P) Metaphase (M) Anaphase (A) Telophase (T) Interphase (I)

__________________Two nuclei are visible __________________First dividing phase ___________________ Centrosomes containing centrioles & spindle fibers appear next to nucleus __________________Cytoplasm is split between two cells _________________ Spindle fibers and centrioles disappear TELOPHASE PROPHASE CYTOKINESIS TELOPHASE Prophase (P) Metaphase (M) Anaphase (A) Telophase (T) Interphase (I)

_______ Cell is reading the DNA code and “doing its job” _______ Cell makes a copy of its DNA _______ Cells leave the cell cycle and stop dividing _______ Division of chromosomes happens G1G1 S G0G0 S G 1 G 2 G 0 Mitosis (M) Cytokinesis (C) M

_______ Division of cytoplasm happens _______ Cell makes the molecules and organelles needed for cell division _______ Made up of telophase, anaphase, prophase, and metaphase C G2G2 S G 1 G 2 G 0 Mitosis (M) Cytokinesis (C) M

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