Write it Right

Written Report Report to be handwritten in any scheduled language on A-4 size (21 cm x 31 cm or 8.3” x 11.8”) plain paper Word limit is 2500 (lower group) and 3500 (upper group)

Elements of Written Report Cover page, Abstract, Form-A, Index, Introduction, Aims and Objectives, Hypothesis, Work plan, Methodology, Observations, Results, Data analysis, Conclusion, Inference, Solution, Future plan, Acknowledgements, References and Appendix Log book is a must, reflects team work, to be submitted along with report

COVER PAGE Title of the Project Names and addresses of Team Leader (Should be informative, specific, concise and self-explanatory) Names and addresses of Team Leader Other Members Guide Teacher District State

(Abstract in English is mandatory) One of the most important elements of a scientific report Word limit is 250 words (one A-4 size page) Summary of the report / work done including question investigated the methods used the principal results and conclusions Wording should be clear and precise (Abstract in English is mandatory)

INDEX Contents page to have separate sections for subject matter (all the components of the report) figures (include titles given to chart (pie-chart), or graph, or photograph, or illustration or map) and tables (include titles or headings of your observation, result or data analysis tables )

INDEX S. No. Topic Page No. 01 Introduction 01 02 Aims and objectives 02 list of figures – S. No. Title Page No. 01 Graph showing variation in temperatures 09 02 Pie-chart showing distribution of land forms 11 03 Photograph showing collection of fossils 13 list of tables – 01 Temperatures recorded during one month period 12 02 Varieties of butterfly species observed 14 03 Electric power consumption in homes 16

INTRODUCTION At the top Title of the Project should be mentioned Title should be informative, specific, concise, understandable and self-explanatory The introduction should have Relevant background information Need statement focusing on the overall issue, problem, or core / research question One or two but not more than three paragraphs

AIMS & OBJECTIVES Should define very specifically Why this project has been selected? How this problem / issue would be addressed? Keeping in mind that there is Limited time period and Limited localized geographical area Avoid repeating introduction

HYPOTHESIS In one or two statements, hypothesis should give an idea, based on known facts that has not yet been proven, about the problem selected

WORK PLAN Define work plan, in schematic form or as a flow chart, preferably with time schedules It might get deviated from schedule due to unforeseen circumstances, but having such a guideline always help

METHODOLOGY After work plan, decide upon method of research in proposed work; survey, observation, and/or experimentation Survey Involves using questionnaire for data collection Questions should be specific On an average 20 relevant questions should be asked Sample size 50 – 100 people should be included in the study Include a copy of questionnaire

METHODOLOGY Observations Though a part of survey work, may or may not have questionnaire Recording of observations during your field studies are included in this type of methodology

METHODOLOGY Experimentation Done with own hands, either in the laboratory or at home or in the field Design of the experiment with proper controls, number of readings, set of conditions, parameters, mathematical formula to be included Detail experimental procedure, analytical techniques also to be included

OBSERVATIONS This part contains all the observations or data collected related to survey, observation, and / or experimentation, ONLY

RESULTS Results are the presentation of data collected during survey, observation and / or experimentation Presentation could either be in the form of charts, graphs, maps, figures or tables etc Should be simple to understand Results only describe and not interpret findings

DATA ANALYSIS Data presented under the results are analyzed, using principles of mathematics Here only analysis part is shown

CONCLUSION Based on the data analysis, final opinion derived, after completing the project, is what forms the conclusion

INFERENCE Inference, in fact, is the truthfulness of the opinion formed based on the outcome of the project Check-point for hypothesis – accepted / rejected

SOLUTION Since the problem selected is socially relevant, this part will highlight how the findings influence or have an impact on the society at large

FUTURE PLANS For taking the work further, from where it has been concluded, future plans provide stepwise guidelines It shows that the problem undertaken is open-ended It ascertains continuity of efforts, gives sense of commitment

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS An expression of gratefulness or thankfulness for the help received from different quarters; family and friends, any motivator, elders / seniors / peers, experts or resource persons, even a librarian, farm workers, people interviewed, laboratory assistants, photographer, anyone for that matter A true reflection of team work

REFERENCES All the resource material like books, newspaper articles / clippings, or internet, or even personal interview are to be mentioned References, under each section, are given in alphabetical order

REFERENCES For books - Name of the author(s)/editor(s) starting with surname Title of the book (underlined) Edition (if available) Page numbers referred Publisher Place and Year of publication

REFERENCES For articles - Name of the author(s) starting with surname Year of publication (within brackets) Title of the article (in italics) Title of the book / magazine / newspaper (underlined) Edition (for books, if available) Issue and volume numbers (for magazines) Page numbers referred Publisher Place and Year of publication Or internet source starting with www.website referred  

REFERENCES For personal interviews - Name of the person(s) interviewed Date with month and year and Place of the interview

APPENDIX All the letters, certificates issued by the concerned authorities, and / or survey sheets (filled up questionnaire) are to be attached at the end of the report Each such document should bear a number, viz., appendix 1, appendix 2, and so on

LOG BOOK This is one of the most important but neglected written documents It is the mirror reflecting activity Provides all the answers related to the project Covers minute to minute recordings, mentioned on daily basis, successes and failures, contacts and impressions

Than’Q