Threats: Disease, Exotics, Trees,& Facts
Threats to smokies Air pollution, acid precipitation, exotic species, apathy, lack of funding.
Invasive Exotic Species Plants 40 invasive/380 exotic- privet, mimosa, fescue and Johnson grass, Kudzu, tree of heaven, Japanese grass, multiflora rose, garlic mustard, oriental bittersweet, Japanese honeysuckle, musk thistle
Garlic mustard, Kudzu, Mimosa, multiflora rose
Johnson grass, fescue, privet, oriental bittersweet
Dogwood A, Beech scale insect and fungus, Wild Hog
Destructive non-natives include the balsam woolly adelgid, dogwood anthracnose, Chinese chestnut blight, Dutch elm disease, beech bark disease, hemlock woolly adelgid, and the gypsy moth.
American chestnut
Chestnut blight fungus-killed American chestnut. Diseases Chestnut blight fungus-killed American chestnut. Dutch elm disease-elm trees
Elm trees
More conspicuous alien species such as wild hogs, rainbow trout, and a host of invasive vascular plants are also damaging natural systems.
Hemlock WA, Gypsy moth, Larvae
BWA
These unwelcome pests have already caused major forest changes, and they threaten to do even more damage in the immediate future.
Several common forest ecosystems are threatened by non-native insects and diseases unintentionally imported into north America
Tree identification (intro) Best identified by leaves/needles, also bark, shape, size.
Ex. Pine trees-needles in bunches Bundle of 5-white pine(3-5in needles) Bundle of 2-red pine(4-7in) Bundle of 2 jack pine(1in) Bundle of 3-loblolly pine(5-9in needles)
White Pine
Jack Pine
Loblolly
Parting facts Smokies highest peak- Clingman’s Dome 6,643ft Highest Appalachian peak- Mt. Mitchell 6,683ft April is peak wildflower month!
Highest Elevation Campsite and Shelter Mt. Sterling #38-5820ft Mt. Leconte Shelter-6440ft
Top ten peaks (elevation ft) Clingmans dome- 6,643 Mount Guyot- 6,621 Mount Le Conte (high top)- 6,593 Mount Buckley- 6,580 Mount Love- 6,420 Mount Chapman- 6,417 Old Black- 6,370 Luftee Knob- 6,234 Mount Kephart- 6,217 Mount Collins- 6,118