Would be over 1 Billion dollars today!!!

U.S. is in debt after Revolution U.S. is in debt after Revolution Hamilton wanted to raise money for the Treasury Hamilton wanted to raise money for the Treasury Tax liquor made/sold in U.S. Tax liquor made/sold in U.S.

How is whiskey made?

Tax was unpopular among farmers Tax was unpopular among farmers Farmers turned Farmers turned corn into whiskey corn into whiskey Compared it to British rule Compared it to British rule

Chapter 9, section 1 Quiz Review 1. act or decision that serves as an example 1. act or decision that serves as an example 2. group of officials who advise President 2. group of officials who advise President 3. certificates that promise to repay money loaned plus interest 3. certificates that promise to repay money loaned plus interest 4. total sum of $ the gov’t owes 4. total sum of $ the gov’t owes 5. tax that makes imports more expensive than goods produced at home 5. tax that makes imports more expensive than goods produced at home A – Cabinet A – Cabinet B – national debt B – national debt C – precedents C – precedents D – tariff D – tariff E – bonds E – bonds

Quiz – Part II 1. Passed in 1789 – organized federal court system 1. Passed in 1789 – organized federal court system 2. Hamilton wanted the gov’t to issue these to repay federal and state debt 2. Hamilton wanted the gov’t to issue these to repay federal and state debt 3. Washington’s ____ advised him on the challenges he faced 3. Washington’s ____ advised him on the challenges he faced 4. Hamilton’s plan to build the economy included a ____, which issued paper money and made loans 4. Hamilton’s plan to build the economy included a ____, which issued paper money and made loans 5. A tax on liquor led to this, which was quickly put down by the militia. 5. A tax on liquor led to this, which was quickly put down by the militia.

French Revolution

What would you do? You are in the hallway and you witness one of your friends get shoved by another kid that used to bully you as well. Do you…(choose 1) You are in the hallway and you witness one of your friends get shoved by another kid that used to bully you as well. Do you…(choose 1) A – Jump right in and shove the bully back B – Support your friend by coming to their aid, fight back using words not punches C – You are not happy about the situation but decide to walk past – you don’t want to involve yourself, but if you see a teacher nearby you’d let them know

A – intervention (direct) A – intervention (direct) B – intervention (indirect) B – intervention (indirect) C – neutrality C – neutrality

FOREIGN POLICY The actions a nation takes in relation to other nations Neutral – not taking a side Neutrality – policy of non -intervention, isolationism Opposite = intervention

Benefits/drawbacks of neutrality? “Neutrality, as a lasting principle, is an evidence of weakness” - Laios Kossuth “People who demand neutrality in any situation are usually not neutral but in favor of the status quo” - Max Eastman

~ Washington urged the US to stay neutral in Europe’s Wars

Issues we still had with England… The British were occupying forts on U.S. territory in Northwest The British were occupying forts on U.S. territory in NorthwestU.S. territoryU.S. territory The British were continuing to impress American sailors into British service. The British were continuing to impress American sailors into British service.impress American merchants wanted compensation for 250 merchant ships which the British had confiscated in 1793 and American merchants wanted compensation for 250 merchant ships which the British had confiscated in 1793 and Southern politicians wanted monetary compensation for slaves who were evacuated by the British Army following the Revolutionary War. Southern politicians wanted monetary compensation for slaves who were evacuated by the British Army following the Revolutionary War. slavesBritish Army slavesBritish Army Merchants in both America and in the Caribbean wanted the West Indies to be reopened to American trade. Merchants in both America and in the Caribbean wanted the West Indies to be reopened to American trade. West Indies West Indies The boundary with Canada was vague in many places, and needed to be more clearly delineated. The boundary with Canada was vague in many places, and needed to be more clearly delineated. The British were believed to be aggravating American Indian attacks on settlers in the Northwest (modern-day Kentucky and Ohio). The British were believed to be aggravating American Indian attacks on settlers in the Northwest (modern-day Kentucky and Ohio).Northwest KentuckyOhioNorthwest KentuckyOhio

~ British and French ships prevent US vessels from trading with the enemy

1795 ~ Jay’s Treaty approved by Senate I was the first Supreme Court Chief Justice, you know

England agrees to leave Northwest territory, Britain repaid some damages, but wouldn’t promise to stop seizing US ships and sailors “impressment”…to be cont.. Help! This is impressment !

~ (on a more positive note) a treaty with Spain gave western Americans access to the port of New Orleans

Washington Retires (His 2-Term precedent was not broken until 1940)

Washington’s Farewell Address use excerpt page 588 or internet A P P A R T S

Political party – people who share similar political views Political party – people who share similar political views Discriminations - differences Discriminations - differences Solemn - serious Solemn - serious Mischief - harm Mischief - harm Sufficient - enough Sufficient - enough Restrain – hold it back Restrain – hold it back Ill-founded – based on weak evidence Ill-founded – based on weak evidence Kindles – sets fire Kindles – sets fire Primary – most important Primary – most important Remote – far away Remote – far away Hence – from this time on Hence – from this time on Engaged - busy Engaged - busy Controversies – trouble Controversies – trouble Distant – far off Distant – far off Enables - gives Enables - gives Defy - challenge Defy - challenge

Washington’s Farewell Address A – George Washington - war hero, 1 st president *James Madison – constitution, bill of rights, founder (with Jefferson) of D-R party A – George Washington - war hero, 1 st president *James Madison – constitution, bill of rights, founder (with Jefferson) of D-R party *Alexander Hamilton – federalist party, bank P – – Philadelphia, newly formed Republic, end of Washington’s 2 nd term, during the French Revolution P – 1796 – Philadelphia, newly formed Republic, end of Washington’s 2 nd term, during the French Revolution P – GW supported neutrality, against political parties, firm yet merciful president, set many precedents in office, Americans saw him as an important leader P – GW supported neutrality, against political parties, firm yet merciful president, set many precedents in office, Americans saw him as an important leader A – “the people of the United States” A – “the people of the United States” R – Last words before retirement after 20 years of service to the new nation R – Last words before retirement after 20 years of service to the new nation T - Washington used the majority of the letter to offer advice as a "parting friend" on what he believed were the greatest threats to the destruction of the nation T - Washington used the majority of the letter to offer advice as a "parting friend" on what he believed were the greatest threats to the destruction of the nation S – Washington wanted to assure the people that the country would survive without his leadership, but with some parting “words of wisdom” S – Washington wanted to assure the people that the country would survive without his leadership, but with some parting “words of wisdom”

In your group… 1 - Read all excerpts of Washington’s farewell address 1 - Read all excerpts of Washington’s farewell address Use the dictionary to define any terms you are unfamiliar withUse the dictionary to define any terms you are unfamiliar with For each selection: 2 - Select 3-5 words from the text that you believe are Key Words and write them in the box to the right of the text on your organizer 2 - Select 3-5 words from the text that you believe are Key Words and write them in the box to the right of the text on your organizer 3 - Using most of these Key Words, write a sentence that restates or summarizes what Washington said in your selection 3 - Using most of these Key Words, write a sentence that restates or summarizes what Washington said in your selection 4 - Finally put your summary sentence into your own words, not using any of the key words. 4 - Finally put your summary sentence into your own words, not using any of the key words. 5 – Present your assigned section to the class – create an act-it-out to illustrate Washington’s message 5 – Present your assigned section to the class – create an act-it-out to illustrate Washington’s message

In his address Washington: [Praises] the benefits of the federal government. "The unity of government...is a main pillar in the edifice of your real independence...of your tranquility at home, your peace abroad; of your safety; of your prosperity; of that very liberty which you so highly prize." Warns against the political party system. “I have already [told] you the danger of political parties in the state, with particular reference to the founding of them on geographical [differences]. Let me now take a more [complete] view, and warn you in the most solemn manner against the [destructive] effects of the spirit of party, generally.” Emphasizes the importance of education. “Promote, then, as an object of primary importance, institutions for the general [spreading] of knowledge… As a structure of a government gives force to public opinion, it is essential that public opinion should be enlightened…” Warns against permanent foreign alliances. "It is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world... There can be no greater error than to expect, or calculate upon real favors from nation to nation… The duty of holding a neutral conduct may be inferred." Warns against an over-powerful military. "...avoid the necessity of those overgrown military establishments, which, under any form of government, are inauspicious to liberty, and which are to be regarded as particularly hostile to Republican Liberty."

Do you believe we have followed Washington’s advice? Do you believe we have followed Washington’s advice? Which points have we followed, which have we drifted away from? Which points have we followed, which have we drifted away from?

~ His retirement signaled the end of an era And opened the door for…

Two political parties that will compete for power