Storms Section 17.2

Storms A violent disturbance in the atmosphere Involve sudden changes in air pressure, which causes rapid air movements Include - Thunderstorms - Tornadoes - Hurricanes - Winter storms

Thunderstorms A small storm often accompanied by heavy precipitation and frequent thunder and lightning Form in large cumulonimbus clouds (thunderheads) Can have hail Can have strong updrafts and downdrafts

Thunderstorms Lightning - positive and negative charges build up in storm clouds - an electrical discharge occurs when the charges jump from: one part of a cloud to another cloud to cloud cloud to ground

Thunderstorms Thunder Lightning rapidly heats air The rapidly heated air expands suddenly and explosively causing a thunder sound

Thunderstorm Damage Flooding/ flash floods Fires Unconsciousness, burns, death Safety Stay indoors Avoid electrical conductors Stay low outdoors Get out of water

Tornadoes A rapidly whirling funnel shaped cloud that reaches Earth’s surface Occurs where warm humid air rises rapidly and begins to rotate as it meets other winds

Tornadoes Damage From strong wind and flying debris Ranked on a Fujita scale from 0-5 F0 – light F5 – extreme damage Safety Move to a shelter, basement, or middle of ground floor Stay away from windows Safety video Lie in a ditch outdoors video

Hurricanes Tropical cyclones (low pressure system) with winds over 119 km/hr (74 mph) Draw their energy from warm, humid air over water

Hurricanes Damage High waves and flooding Wind damage Storm surge – dome of ocean water due to low pressure Safety Evacuate

Hurricane Names 2010 Alex Bonnie Colin Danielle Earl Fiona Gaston Hermine Igor Julia Karl Lisa Matthew Nicole Otto Paula Richard Shary Tomas Virginie Walter 2011 Arlene Bret Cindy Don Emily Franklin Gert Harvey Irene Jose Katia Lee Maria Nate Ophelia Philippe Rina Sean Tammy Vince Whitney 2012 Alberto Beryl Chris Debby Ernesto Florence Gordon Helene Isaac Joyce Kirk Leslie Michael Nadine Oscar Patty Rafael Sandy Tony Valerie William 2013 Andrea Barry Chantal Dorian Erin Fernand Gabrielle Humberto Ingrid Jerry Karen Lorenzo Melissa Nestor Olga Pablo Rebekah Sebastien Tanya Van Wendy 2014 Arthur Bertha Cristobal Dolly Edouard Fay Gonzalo Hanna Isaias Josephine Kyle Laura Marco Nana Omar Paulette Rene Sally Teddy Vicky Wilfred 2015 Ana Bill Claudette Danny Erika Fred Grace Henri Ida Joaquin Kate Larry Mindy Nicholas Odette Peter Rose Sam Teresa Victor Wanda

Hurricane Names 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Arthur Ana Alex Arlene Alberto Andrea Bertha Bill Bonnie Bret Beryl Barry Cristobal Claudette Colin Cindy Chris Chantal Dolly Danny Danielle Don Debbie Dorian Edouard Erika Earl Emily Ernesto Erin Fay Fred Fiona Franklin Florence Fernand Gonzalo Grace Gaston Gert Gordon Gabrielle Hanna Henri Hermine Harvey Helene Humberto Isaias Ida Ian Irma Isaac Imelda Josephine Joaquin Julia Jose Joyce Jerry Kyle Kate Karl Katia Kirk Karen Laura Larry Lisa Lee Leslie Lorenzo Marco Mindy Matthew Maria Michael Melissa Nana Nicholas Nicole Nate Nadine Nestor Omar Odette Otto Ophelia Oscar Olga Paulette Peter Paula Philippe Patty Pablo Rene Rose Richard Rina Rafael Rebekah Sally Sam Shary Sean Sara Sebastien Teddy Teresa Tobias Tammy Tony Tanya Vicky Victor Virginie Vince Valerie Van Wilfred Wanda Walter Whitney William Wendy

Winter Storms Heavy snow and extreme cold Lake-Effect snow – wind picks up moisture from the warmer Great Lakes. Moisture then precipitates as it is carried over the colder land

Winter Storms Damage Blocked roads Crop damage Bursts water pipes Safety Find shelter from wind Cover exposed body parts Run car engine if exhaust is clear