BIOLOGY Diversity of Organisms

Today I want to talk about Diversity of Organisms. There are three main topics: Today I want to talk about Diversity of Organisms. There are three main topics: A)Five kingdoms of organisms A)Five kingdoms of organisms B)Classification of Animals B)Classification of Animals C)Classification of Plants C)Classification of Plants

Five kingdoms of organisms 1Prokaryotes They include bacteria & blue-green algae. They are very tiny and can seen with the high power of a light microscope. They consist of a single cell but do not have any true nucleus,mitochondria or chloroplasts. < Anthrax bacteria A flagellate >

Five kingdoms of organisms 2Protoctists They are tiny and can be seen with the low power of a microscope. They consist of the single cell with a true nucleus but some are multicellular. They live mainly in water or inside other organisms. < Amoeba Paramecium >

Five kingdoms of organisms 3Fungi They are made up of a single call or thread-like structures called hyphae. They have cell wall and do not move.They have no chlorophyll and any roots, stems or leaves. They are usually saprophytic or parasitic and live in soil ir inside other organisms. < Yeast Mushroom >

Five kingdoms of organisms 4Plants All plant cells have cell wall and green plant cells contain chlorophyll. They make their own food by photosynthesis. They do not move from place to place. < Plant Green plant>

Five kingdoms of organisms 5Animals They do not have any cell wall. They cannot make their own food and must take in food. Most of them can move from place to place.

Classification of animals Animals Vertebrates (with a backbone) FishAmphibiansReptilesBirdsMammals Invertebrates (without a backbone)

Vertebrates A)Fish Their bodies are covered by silmy scales. Their bodies are covered by silmy scales. They have fins. They have fins. Their bodies are streamlined. Their bodies are streamlined. They breathe with gills. They breathe with gills. They are poikilotherms. They are poikilotherms.

Vertebrates B)Amphibians They can live both on land and in water They can live both on land and in water They have wet, silmy skins but no scales. They have wet, silmy skins but no scales. They have 4 limbs when they are adult. They have 4 limbs when they are adult. They are poikilotherms. They are poikilotherms.

Vertebrates C)Reptiles Many live on land. Many live on land. They have skin covered by hard, dry scales. They have skin covered by hard, dry scales. They breathe with lungs. They breathe with lungs. They are mostly poikilotherms. They are mostly poikilotherms.

Vertebrates D)Birds They have feathers. They have feathers. Most can fly with wings but some cannot. Most can fly with wings but some cannot. They have beaks. They have beaks. They breathe with lungs. They breathe with lungs. They are homoiotherms. They are homoiotherms.

Vertebrates E)Mammals Their bodies are covered with hair. Their bodies are covered with hair. Females have well-developed mammary glands for feeding their young. Females have well-developed mammary glands for feeding their young. They breathe with lungs. They breathe with lungs. They are homoiotherms. They are homoiotherms.

Invertebrates Most of them are small. Most of them are small.

Classification of plants Plants Flowering plants (produce flowers) MonocotyledonsDicotyledons Non-flowering plants (do not produce any flowers) MossesFernsGymnosperms

Flowering plants A)Monocotyledonous plants They have only one seed leaf in the seed. They have only one seed leaf in the seed. Iris Rice

Flowering plants B)Dicotyledonous plants They have two seed leaves in the seeds. They have two seed leaves in the seeds. Their leaves have a network of veins. Their leaves have a network of veins. Broad bean Water lily

Non-flowering plants A)Mosses They are small plants,but no roots. They are small plants,but no roots. They have chlorophyll but no vascular tissue. They have chlorophyll but no vascular tissue. Polytrichum

Non-flowering plants B)Ferns They are small plants with true roots, stems and leaves. They are small plants with true roots, stems and leaves. They have chlorophyll and vascular tissue. They have chlorophyll and vascular tissue. dryopteris

Non-flowering plants C)Gymnosperms They have large plants with roots, stems, leaves and vascular tissue. They have large plants with roots, stems, leaves and vascular tissue. Most of them have needle-shaped leaves. Most of them have needle-shaped leaves. Firs