Pumps Unit 10

Learning Objectives TLW be able to describe the following about pumps used in the process industry: –Types –Uses –Operation –Monitoring –Maintenance –Troubleshooting –Hazards

Warm up Questions How are dynamic pumps different from positive displacement pumps? What are some hazards associated w/ the operations of pumps? What is cavitation? What can cause it? List 3 monitoring and maintenance activities associated w/ pumps.

Today’s Agenda Today’s Agenda Purpose/function of pumps Applications in the Process Industry Types of pumps and their applications Pump hazards Monitoring and maintenance Symbols

Pumps in the Process Industry Pumps in the Process Industry Purpose: to cause liquids to flow through a process Liquids are cohesive (molecules touch each other) but have no definite shape Slurries – liquid/solid mixture

Types of Pumps Positive Displacement Dynamic Reciprocating Rotary Centrifugal Axial Piston & Cylinder Gears Diaphragm Screws Lobes Cams Vanes

Centrifugal Pumps Operating principle – centrifugal force caused by circular rotation Used to move large volumes of liquids w/ low viscosities Centrifugal force spins liquid away from the center Can be mounted in horizontal or vertical position

Positive Displacement Pumps Positive Displacement Pumps Reciprocating Piston or other mechanism moves back and forth Intake stroke – admits fluid into chamber Discharge Stroke – discharges fluid through outlet Good for metering specific amounts of fluids Rotary Screw, gears, lobes or vanes rotate Moves heavier fluid, viscous fluids, including slurries Discharges large amounts of fluid at low pressures

Pump Hazards Pump Hazards Improper Operation –Starting pump with discharge closed –Starting pump with drain open –Starting pump with vent open –Poor lubrication Impacts –Physical - Production –Equipment - Environment

Monitoring and Maintenance Monitoring and Maintenance Daily Check pressure across pump Check oil levels/seals Drains Weekly Check oil Wash down Swap pumps Monthly Change oil Wash down around pump Adjust packing Preventive Bearing, seals, worn parts Look –Oil levels –Seal & Flange Leaks –Suction Discharge Pressure Gauges –Water collecting (bearing failure) Listen –Abnormal noises (ex. cavitation) Touch –heat –Vibration Smell –Leaks –heat

Pump Symbols Pump Symbols See handout in section 11

Screw pump – horizontal mount

Vertically Mounted Pump

Piston pump

Diaphragm pump

Gear Pump

Single Screw Pump Twin Screw Pump

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Internal gear pump

Sliding Vane pump

Multistage Pump

Multistage pump impeller

Multistage pump w/ driver (motor)

Independent Practice Pump Components Worksheet Pump Curve Exercise