Distillation Modeling CHEN 4470 – Process Design Practice

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Presentation transcript:

Distillation Modeling CHEN 4470 – Process Design Practice Dr. Mario Richard Eden Department of Chemical Engineering Auburn University Lecture No. 13 – Reboiler Selection and Design February 26, 2013 Material Developed by Dr. Jeffrey R. Seay, University of Kentucky - Paducah

Overview Purpose of Reboilers Types of Reboilers Provide vapor flow up a column and acts as an additional theoretical stage below the trays/packing Types of Reboilers Thermosyphon Forced circulation Kettle Internal reboiler (rarely used in continuous columns) Proper reboiler design is critical to the optimum operation of a column!

Thermosyphon Reboiler Return piping to the column must be sized for two-phase flow. Thermosyphons operate based on thermodynamic principles, rather than gravity. Therefore, design detail is important. Thermosyphon operation is simple, but they are often difficult to design for a wide operating range. Proper elevation is critical! 2-Phase Flow Region All-Liquid Flow Region

Forced Circulation Reboiler Forced circulation reboilers are designed to operate liquid full. Flashing occur as the liquid crosses the control valve. Valve should be located close to the column shell. Forced circulation reboilers offer greater operational flexibility than thermosyphons, yet have a smaller footprint than kettle reboilers. Elevation is less critical due to pump and control valve.

Kettle Reboiler All-Vapor Flow Region Cross Section of Kettle Vapor-Liquid disengagement occurs in the vapor space, therefore return piping is sized for all-vapor flow. Proper elevation is critical to kettle reboiler operation. Kettles have a large footprint, but require less elevation than a thermosyphon. Works by gravity, rather than thermodynamics. All-Liquid Flow Region

Reboiler Design Thermosyphon Kettle Forced Circulation Reboiler Selection Flowchart Cost Comparison of Reboiler Types Thermosyphon Kettle Forced Circulation

Reboilers in ASPEN Plus