May 15, 2012 Goal: Describe the reforms of Mao Zedong (Tse-Tsung) and analyze the reconstruction of China. QOD: Explain three policies/reforms under Mao? (How did he fix/help China?) Homework: reading on Tiananmen Square

China Under Mao’s Rule One-party totalitarian state Communist Ideology Opponents were “counter- revolutionaries” –Beaten, sent to labor camps, killed

Transformation and Revolution under Chairman Mao Industry and business: Soviet-style 5 year plan Great Leap Forward- two main ideas: a massive steel production campaign and the formation of agricultural (farming) communes. Both initiatives were ultimately unsuccessful…total failures. Economy fell! Cultural Revolution- change the culture in China to begin with Mao’s reign and get rid of all things from traditional (old school) China; society of peasants and workers in which all were equal; shut down colleges and schools

Great Leap Forward Modernize China…catch up to Britain, America, Russia Give the people of China FIVE years to get better technology and agricultural self-sufficiency Rice fields plowed over and factory construction began…factories boomed at first but things slowed down quickly because workers could not meet the high quotas Farms became part of government and people worked on them for the good of all…collective farms (Russia) now called communes in China 23,500 communes were created but the farmers were not good at what they did…crop rotation, poor grain, limited rain, and taking farmers to work in factories People starved to death with a great famine from …20 million starved and the Great Leap Forward flopped Mao went into hiding for a bit

Cultural Revolution The Cultural Revolution was a ten-year political campaign - a social experiment aimed at bringing back support for Mao and his ideas He and his wife, Jiang Qing, directed popular anger against other members of the party leadership or people who went against his leadership Idea was to cleanse the old ideas from the country like old traditions, old clothing (silk), and words that were connected to pre-communist ideas Formed the Red Guards. Youngsters, teenagers, young twenties were brainwashed into following Mao. Mao’s Little Red Book of Quotes were read by all Red Guard members and these kids were told to get rid of all intellectuals, professors, teachers, “bourgeoisie” Kids went crazy and started ratting on others, humiliating people, and killing people Millions were forced into manual labor, and tens of thousands were executed. By 1977 Mao has to send in his Red Army to squash the kids and the Cultural Revolution was over (but the effects were devastating)

Modern Day China Events that have shaped China

EVENT #1 - Tiananmen Square Tiananmen Reading with questions E&feature=related (stop at 8:35) E&feature=related RY (BBC News 3:35) RY al/countriesandterritories/china/tiananmen- square/index.html NYT articleshttp://topics.nytimes.com/topics/news/internation al/countriesandterritories/china/tiananmen- square/index.html

You make the connection… How is this event similar to the Arab Spring?

EVENT #2 - China’s One Child Policy What is it? What was its purpose? m/watch?v=n- _06DyfRoo (9:59) m/watch?v=n- _06DyfRoo

Consequences of Policy What were the consequences of this policy? What has happened in China? 2007 protests of law led to violence in villages 2008 rumor of end of law, but govt said not for at least 10 more years

Mao- Declassified M1vkhttp:// M1vk (43:38)