Title: English Colonial Expansion Do Now: Please hand in HW# 6. 1.Based on last night's homework, students are asked to list [write them down in your notebooks] three things that comes mind pertaining to the British Empire &/or British colonial expansion. 1.Does anyone have any questions/comments pertaining to last night’s homework? Aim: What were the goals of the British as they set out on their tireless journey of colonial expansion?

Objective I Actively read the handout titled, ”The British Empire – where the sun never set”. 1. Does everyone have a "clear cut" understanding of the central theme or focus of the handout? In his/her own words, I need a volunteer or two to clarify the TRUE meaning of the article at hand. 2. What was so “special” about the British Empire that even the sun continuously illuminated/shined over it 24/7/365 & 366 on a leap year? Think about that question closely, was that even possible? Explain.

British Colonial Expansion went hand in hand with Mercantilism Quick reminder: The belief that there is a fixed amount of wealth in the world and that one country must take wealth away from another country in order to gain more. Colonies were created for the sole purpose of benefitting/serving the “Motherland” = Western European nations.

Mercantilism Held that a country’s power depended mainly on its wealth = Bullion (gold, silver, etc) & different resources A nation could increase wealth two ways: Favorable balance of trade = sell more (export) more than it bought (import). A nation’s (Western European nations) ultimate goal was to become rich self- sufficiently = creation of colonies. “God [spread Christianity], glory [new adventures – away from the manor], and gold [bullion/wealth = national power]” were the primary motives for exploration. Went hand in hand with colonization. Europeans colonized new lands for wealth (bullion) & resources = Power/ strength for the motherland. Fruits of the Renaissance & “Scientific Revolution” = advances in tech. made the voyages possible. A nation (mother country) creates colonies in the hopes gaining wealth. Colonies were created to “SERVE” the (motherland – Western European countries) A new economic system centered on trade/exploration = globalization (Using ships to travel around the world to acquire: land, bullion, resources & servants – wink, wink “SLAVES”) = wealth & power.

Objective II 1. Read the section entitled “Explorers and Sea Dogs”. Why do you think Queen Elizabeth did nothing to stop the activities of the sea dogs? 2. What factors relating to English naval exploits probably encouraged English rulers to establish colonies overseas?

She profited from their piracy. It brought great wealth to England. The navy had shown its supremacy over the Spanish Armada (1588); adventurous captains had explored new lands overseas; and Great Britain had succeeded in challenging the Portuguese and Spanish monopolies on overseas trade. As matter of fact, from the late 1600s onward, the British became the dominant traders of SLAVES and exploiters of various foreign lands for their resources in order to use it for commerce/profit at the expense of various native people throughout Asia, Africa, Latin America, etc.

Objective III Complete guided reading Ch handout.

1. at home [due to civil & religious disputes/wars surrounding the Protestant Reformation] 2. North America 3. slave ships [took Spanish bullion, resources, and slaves] 4. around the globe [Drake was an infamous “seadog” aka pirate – very loyal to Elizabeth I] 5. trading posts [focused on commerce = $$/source of wealth] 6. win their support and loyalty

7. Northwest Passage 8. Henry Hudson [that’s why we have a river in NY called – don’t tell me, I know, I know….. hmm! I forgot, sorry!] 9. slavery [did all of the dirty/backbreaking work – brought over via the Middle Passage/Atlantic Slave Trade] 10. Britain [colonies were created for the sole purpose of “serving” the motherland. Post-Reading Quick Check: Colonists resented Britain because Parliament passed laws to enforce the policy of mercantilism. One law required colonists to sell certain products only to Britain. Other laws discouraged colonists from manufacturing their own goods.

Homework# 7 1. Carefully read Complete 3-5 of Section 1 Review. p. 550.