Those Who Can, Teach 10th Edition Kevin Ryan and James M. Cooper Chapter 1 What Is a School and What is it For?
Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.2 Education v. Schooling Education A process of human growth by which one gains greater understanding and control over oneself and one’s world. Schooling A specific, formal process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next.
Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.3 Four Basic Purposes of Schooling Intellectual Purposes - “brainwork” and the development of reason Political and Civic Purposes - training responsible, informed citizens Economic Purposes - preparing future workers Social Purposes - “adapt the child to the social milieu”
Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.4 Models of Schools Trainer of the Good Worker Social Escalator Preparer for College Shopping Mall Developer of Human Potential Family Social Panacea Acculturator
Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.5 Teachers’ Roles in Elementary Schools Gatekeeper Dispenser of Supplies Granter of Special Privileges Timekeeper
Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.6 Students’ Experiences in Elementary Schools Waiting Denial of Desire Interruption Social Distraction
Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.7 Life in High Schools Remarkably similar across the country Classroom instruction little changed singe 1890s Schools expected to serve many purposes
Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.8 The “Shopping Mall” High School Emphasis on “consumer choice,” providing students a wide variety of classes Varying levels of seriousness among student “customers” Teachers offer “bargains” to keep the peace in class “Specialty shops” provide attention to some students, but average students may be ignored
Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.9 Call for High School Reform Personalization - smaller schools and units within larger schools allow adults to get to know students Coherence - closer links among subject departments and between teaching and testing Time - year-round schooling, flexible days, measures of learnings instead of seat time Technology - long-term plans and staff to coordinate technology
Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.10 Characteristics of Effective Schools High, “can do” expectations Task-oriented faculty High academic engaged time Teachers effectively manage student behavior Principal provides instructional leadership Involved parents Calm, safe, orderly, pleasant environment