Unit 12—Chapters 28 – 29 The Times They are a Changin (1945 – 1974) CSS 11.7, 11.8, 11.10, 11.11

2 Brown v. Board Scottsboro case, 1931 Jackie Robinson, 1947 Army Desegregation, 1948 Emmet Till, 1955 Brown v. Board of Education, 1954 Little Rock Nine, 1957

3 Montgomery Bus Boycott Montgomery Bus Boycott, 1955 Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. SCLC, 1957 Civil Rights Act, 1957 Congress of Racial Equality, 1942 Freedom Riders, The only weapon we have in our hands is the weapon of protest…We will be guided by the highest principles of law and order. In spite of our mistreatment, we must not become bitter and end up hating our white brothers.” --Martin Luther King, Jr., December 1955

4 March on Washington SNCC, 1960 Sit-In Movement, 1960 Ole Miss, 1962 Birmingham, AL, 1963 March on Washington, 1963 Civil Rights Martyrs, 1963 Medgar Evers—shot in his driveway James Chaney, Andrew Goodman, and Michael Schwerner—civil rights workers killed in Mississippi Denise McNair, Cynthia Wesley, Carole Robertson and Addie Mae Collins killed in church bombing “If an American, because his skin is dark, cannot eat lunch in a restaurant open to the public; if he cannot send his children to the best public school available; if he cannot vote for the public officials who represent him; if in short, he cannot enjoy the full and free life which all of us want, then who among us would be content to have the color of his skin changed and stand in his place?” --JFK, Civil Rights Address, 1963

5 Civil Rights Act Civil Rights Act, 1964 Selma, AL, 1965 George Wallace “Segregation now! Segregation tomorrow! Segregation forever!” Voting Rights Act, 1965 Watts Riots, 1965 Civil Rights Act, 1968 Civil Rights Martyrs, 1968

6 Black Nationalism Malcolm X Black Panthers, 1966 Black Power, 1966 "Black is Beautiful“ “We declare our right on this earth...to be a human being, to be respected as a human being, to be given the rights of a human being in this society, on this earth, in this day, which we intend to bring into existence by any means necessary.” --Malcolm X, 1964

7 Warren Court Earl Warren ( ) Brown v. Board of Education, 1954 Baker v. Carr, 1962 Mapp v. Ohio, 1961 Engel v. Vitale, 1962 Escobedo v. Illinois, 1964 Gideon v. Wainwright, 1963 Miranda v. Arizona, 1966

8 Johnson Administration Lyndon B. Johnson Election of 1964 “Extremism in the pursuit of liberty is no vice” Great Society War on Poverty Economic Opportunity Act, 1965 Head Start— Upward Bound— Job Corps— FAFSA— VISTA, 1964 Medicare/Medicaid, 1965 DLyndon B. Johnson43,129, RBarry Goldwater27,178,18852 Daisy ad 1964

9 Chicano Movement Immigration and Nationality Act, 1965 Jones Act, 1917 Operation Wetback, 1954 Mendez v. Westminster, 1947 Chicano Movement, 1960s United Farm Workers, 1975 Cesar Chavez

10 Feminism Betty Friedan Title IX, 1964 NOW, 1966 Gloria Steinem glass ceiling Termination policy, 1953 American Indian Movement (AIM) Stonewall Riot, 1969

11 Vietnam (JFK and LBJ) French Indo-China, 1954 Geneva Convention, 1954 Flexible Response Tonkin Gulf Resolution, 1964 Operation Rolling Thunder, 1965 General William Westmoreland

12 Counterculture SDS, 1960 Free Speech Movement, 1964 Vietnam Veterans Against the War, 1967 Sen. William Fullbright Woodstock, 1969 Dr. Timothy Leary “tune in, turn on, and drop out” (LSD) Kent State, 1970 President Nixon “...when dissent turns to violence it invites tragedy” America, Love it or Leave it. Hey, hey LBJ, how many kids have you kill today? Eighteen today, dead tomorrow Make love, not war Hell no, we won’t go Trust no one over thirty!

13 Vietnam (LBJ) credibility gap Agent Orange Tet Offensive, 1968 My Lai massacre, 1968 Pueblo Incident, 1968

14 Vietnam (Nixon) Nixon Doctrine, 1969 Cambodian Bombings, 1969 Pentagon Papers, 1972 War Powers Act, 1973 Paris Peace Conference, 1973 Vietnam War (Aug May7, 1975)

15 Nixon Administration Democratic Convention Election 1968 Richard Nixon Spiro Agnew Burger Court 1968 RRichard M. Nixon31,785, DHubert Humphrey31,275, AIGeorge Wallace9,906,47346

16 Nixon Administration Détente, 1972 SALT I, 1972 Ping Pong Diplomacy, 1972 Shuttle Diplomacy, Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, RRichard M. Nixon47,169, DGeorge S. McGovern29,170,38317

Watergate Democratic National Convention, 1972 CREEP Senate Select Committee on Presidential Activities, 1973 John Dean – Alexander Butterfield – Saturday Night Massacre, 1973 Nixon Tapes, 1974 United States v. Nixon, 1974 Impeachment,