Energy

Energy – What is it? Energy is the ability of things to change or to cause change in other things Work takes place when energy is transferred to an object causing it to move or change. It is measured in Joules (J) (the energy needed to push with a force of 1 newton for a distance of 1 meter)

What are the 2 basic forms of energy? Kinetic and Potential All energy exists as either kinetic or potential energy Potential Energy: energy that is due to position; stored

Three types of potential energy: Gravitational Chemical Elastic Energy potential that comes from and object’s height and weight Energy potential comes from the atoms it contains and the chemical reactions that take place within the object Energy potential an object being compressed or stretched

Kinetic Energy : the energy of motion It is energy in use. All moving objects have kinetic energy. It can do work Depends on mass and velocity

Forms of Energy

Heat (Thermal) Energy Heat energy is caused by the kinetic energy (movement) of the molecules (particles) within an object. The faster the particles move, the more heat energy is produced.

Chemical Energy Chemical energy is the energy that is located in the chemical bonds within a substance. When these bonds are broken and reform to create new substances, chemical energy is released.

Electrical Energy Electrical energy is energy of electrical charges caused by moving electrons.

It can be potential mechanical energy or kinetic mechanical energy Mechanical energy is the total amount of potential and kinetic energy in a moving object. It can be potential mechanical energy or kinetic mechanical energy A pendulum is a good example of an object that has mechanical energy. It continually changes kinetic energy into potential energy and back into kinetic energy as it swings back and forth.

Nuclear Energy Nuclear energy is found within the nucleus of an atom. Fusion is when 2 or more nuclei come together (sun) Fission is when nuclei get split apart (nuclear power)

Electromagnetic Energy Energy that travels in waves. They have both electrical and magnetic properties.

Light (Radient) Energy Light energy is a form of electromagnetic energy that moves in waves. These waves allow you to see the world around you.

Eye Spy Can you find a connection (transformation) with light, heat, and chemical energy? Hint: Look at the pictures! A match’s stored chemical energy can be turned into light and heat energy. There is not just one form of energy for an object Energy conversions are always happening

This happens in a closed system. Law of Conservation of Energy Energy can NEVER be created or destroyed, only transferred from one form to another This happens in a closed system. Examples: Solar calculator (light to electrical) Windmill (mechanical to electrical) Glow stick (chemical to light) Firecracker (chemical to sound and light)

What type of energy transformations are shown?? Mechanical (p) Mechanical (k) Electrical Electrical light/heat Mechanical (p) Mechanical (k) Chemical  Radiant (Em), thermal, sound Chemical  light, heat