Steven C. Price, Ph.D. CEO/President P.O.Box Pennsylvania Ave. N.W. Washington, DC Public Interest Intellectual Property Advisors, Inc. (PIIPA)

Facilitate the linking of free IP assistance with developing countries and public service non- profits

PIIPA DONORS Applicants IP Corps PIIPA STRUCTURE

What does PIIPA involve? –Outreach to: IP professionals Applicants –Matching service

IP Corps IP professionals of repute around the world Relationship with PIIPA –Commitment of time pro bono –Gain access to applicant referrals

Applicants Nature of potential PIIPA Applicants: Intergovernmental organizations (e.g. WHO, UNAIDS, FAO) Developing country governments and government agencies Research institutions such as universities and public laboratories (primarily government funded and in developing countries) International research consortia (E.g., CGIAR centers, disease specific public private partnerships, ICBG’s) Non governmental organizations and non-profit entities (e.g., MIHR, PIPRA) Qualified small-to-medium enterprises Qualified individual innovators

What PIIPA Can Do  Patent prosecution, counseling, licensing and litigation  Trademark prosecution, counseling, licensing and litigation  Copyright counseling, licensing and litigation  Trade secret protection, counseling, licensing and litigation  Legislative counseling (i.e., drafting, legislation and regulation in relation to IP matters)  National, international & multinational dispute resolution

Potential Areas of Activity  Issues affecting developing countries and related to:  Health (e.g. access to patented medicines)  Agriculture (e.g. license of transgenic technology)  Biodiversity (e.g. biodiversity prospecting agreements)  Scientific Research (e.g. patents on inventions by academics)  Traditional/Indigenous knowledge (e.g. art and music)  Software & technology licensing (e.g. website ownership and disputes)

PIIPA now has over 400 members in its IP Corps

PIIPA has completed or has in progress over 100 projects around the world

In 2002 PIIPA was approached by the Kenyan Wildlife Service to help with an alleged misappropriation of biological materials by Genencor International and Proctor & Gamble

PIIPA was approached by Peru to help determine if a New Jersey company’s patent on maca root was valid

Examine Compatibility of National Laws with International Law

PIIPA was contacted by Vietnam, Jamaica, and Sierra Leone to determine if PIIPA could obtain assistance to help those countries review and write new intellectual property laws.

PIIPA arranged with academic legal clinics to work on these projects

International Alpaca Association in Peru: PIIPA was contacted to identify pro bono assistance in a dispute regarding a Certification Mark.

African Agricultural Technology Foundation has contacted PIIPA for assistance in performing an ownership analysis on several patents.

PIIPA is investigating the establishment of a international Alternative Dispute Resolution system that would be pro bono, provide training to mediators, and focus on intellectual property; project with Harvard Law School

Brazilian Institute for International Trade Law and Development, as well as Amazon Link approached PIIPA to facilitate the revocation of several trademarks in Europe and the United States including Acai Rapadura, and Cupuacu

PIIPA has conducted a world- wide survey of the need for Intellectual Property Assistance

The survey went by to about 7000 people and by surface mail to an additional 800 people

Question 14. Which Categories Best Describe You &/or Your Organization?

How many such organizations are you aware of that need intellectual property assistance?

The 500 respondents said they were aware of between 4,910 and 8,145 organizations in need of IP professional assistance

For what types of intellectual property is assistance required?

For what matters is assistance required?

The Survey asked respondents to identify specific needs 132 responded with “understandable” specific needs

IP Type & Matters Needing Assistance (132)

Projects for Which Assistance Has Been Sought from PIIPA (n = 69)

Comparison of Assistance Requested

Conclusions The range of types of projects observed within PIIPA concordant with survey

The need for pro bono IP assistance is huge

Trademarks emerge as an area of greatest need; traditional knowledge (?), biodiversity, geographic designations least

Larger need for assistance with national laws than anticipated by respondents

Future Analysis In person surveys

Venable LLP National Institutes of Health Smithsonian Institution Rockefeller Foundation Sigrid Rausing Trust U.K. Department for International Development PIIPA would like to thank its sponsors: