First Aid When Time Counts 6-8 C 118 – C 125

Beginning steps in Breathing Emergencies Always : Check responsiveness, call 911, ABC’s A = Open Airway – head tilt, chin lift B = Check Breathing – Look, Listen, Feel If not breathing, 2 full breaths (pinch nose) C = If air goes in, check Circulation – pulse If no pulse: CPR – 5 compressions every 3 seconds If air won’t go in: choking If pulse but not breathing: rescue breathing

After 10 seconds without oxygen, the brain’s functions slow. The #1 thing that has been shown to make a difference is the action of a bystander. If they jump in and give CPR, the survival rate significantly rises. Every minute that goes by without someone giving CPR, the survival rate drops 7-10%. Studies found that bystanders perform CPR in only 20-30% of cases. Not because they didn’t want to but they didn’t want to put their mouth on someone else’s, especially if they were dying. They did a study and found that by giving just chest compressions was more effective and had an increase in survival rate. Keeping oxygen circulation could increase a victim’s chance of surviving by as much as 70%.

CPR = Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Not Breathing, NO PULSE (No Heartbeat) Check responsiveness; call 911; ABC’s Open Airway – Head Tilt, Chin Lift Check Breathing – Look, Listen, Feel If not breathing – 2 slow Breaths Check Pulse ( Circulation) – Carotid artery adult/child; brachial infant Adult: Child: Infant: 30 compressions 5 compressions (1 hand) 5 compressions (2 fingers) 2 breaths 1 breath 1 breath (puff)

Conscious Airway Obstruction (choking) Adult Child Infant Abdominal Thrusts Abdominal Thrusts 5 Back blows 5 Chest thrusts

Unconscious Airway Obstruction (choking) – after breath and air didn’t go in, re-tilt head and try again– - if air still didn’t go in: Adult Child Infant - 5 abdominal thrusts same - 5 back– blows - Finger sweep - 5 chest thrusts (index finger) - Look for object - 2 full breaths - 2 breaths – puff of air - Repeat - Repeat

Has PULSE, Not Breathing Rescue Breathing – Mouth to Mouth Artificial Respiration Has PULSE, Not Breathing Check ABC’s, When not breathing but has pulse do rescue breathing Adult Child Infant 1 breath every 5 seconds 1 breath every 4 seconds 1 breath every 3 seconds (mouth over nose and mouth)

Quiz Re-tilt head, try again Clutching throat Abdominal thrusts Circulation Breathing Airway 30/until help arrives 1 2 5 Responsiveness Head tilt, chin lift Look, listen, feel Brachial Carotid Every 5 seconds Every 3 seconds Every 4 seconds 5 back blows/5 chest thrusts Finger sweep, 2 breaths, 5 abdominal thrusts The first thing you check on a victim before performing CPR? What does “A” stand for on ABC’s? What does “B” stand for on ABC’s? What does “C” stand for on ABC’s? How you open the airway? How do you check for breathing? The artery you check on an adult for a pulse? The artery you check on an infant for a pulse? The number of chest compressions you give an adult for CPR? The number of chest compressions you give a child for CPR? The universal sign of choking. What you do for a conscious adult who is choking. What you do for a conscious infant who is choking. What you do for an unconscious adult with airway obstruction. How often you perform rescue breathing on an adult. How often you perform rescue breathing on a child. How often you perform rescue breathing on an infant. What you do if the chest doesn’t rise when attempting breaths.