U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey International Satellites – Supporting Global Earth Observation ASPRS Meeting - 17 November 2011 Greg Stensaas Chair, CEOS Working Group on Calibration and Validation Remote Sensing Technologies Project Manager USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center, Sioux Falls, SD

Many datasets, Many opportunities > 100 EO satellites in orbit Operated by > 34 countries, many with surface resolutions <1 m Many expected to be launched in current decade Common processes and procedures are lacking for defining quality

3 The Group on Earth Observations (GEO) (founded 2002) is a voluntary partnership of 89 governments and 61 international organizations. GEO’s GEOSS must deliver comprehensive “knowledge / information products” worldwide and in a timely manner to meet the needs of its nine “societal benefit areas”. This will be achieved through the synergistic use and combination of data derived from a variety of sources (satellite, airborne and in- situ) through the coordinated resources and efforts of the GEO members. Achieving this vision (2015) requires the establishment of an operational framework to facilitate interoperability and harmonization. “Community” requirement ClimateWeather Strong Requirement Drivers

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Committee on Earth Observation Satellites Troika Chair Agency ESA, EUMETSAT, JAXA, NASA, NOAA WGCVWGISSWG CBDD CEOS Executive Officer (CEO) Virtual Constellations for GEO Permanent Secretariat Chair USGS Vice Chair CSA Chair JAXA Vice Chair TBD Chair INPE Vice Chair NOAA Atmospheric Composition - NASA - ESA Precipitation - JAXA - NASA Land Imaging - USGS - ISRO - INPE Ocean Surface Topography - NOAA - EUMETSAT WGCV=Working Group on Calibration and Validation WGISS=Working Group on Information Systems and Services WGEdu=Working Group on Capacity Building and Data Democracy WGClimate = Working Group on Climate (1-year terms) (2-year terms) Ocean Color Radiometry - EC-JRC - JAXA - NASA Ocean Surface Vector Wind - NOAA - ISRO - EUMETSAT Sea Surface Temperature - ESA - NOAA CEOS SBA Coordinators - Agriculture - Biodiversity - Climate - Disasters - Ecosystems - Energy - Health - Water - Weather Strategic Implementation Team (SIT) Chair: NASA Vice Chair: CNES Chair Past Chair Future Chair ASI/Italy CSA/Canada Troika ISRO/India Systems Engineering Office (SEO) NASA USGS (CEO) & NOAA (DCEO) WGClimate Chair EC-JRC Vice Chair NOAA

6 CEOS 25 th Plenary (Nov ‘11)

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Current and Future EO Satellites different CEOS Earth observation satellite missions are estimated to be currently operating (November 2011). Many of these comprise series of missions planned to provide the continuity which is essential for many observations and applications. Current plans supplied by CEOS agencies estimate that in the order of 100 new satellite missions will be launched for operation between 2011 and The next few years will mark a significant era for satellite Earth observations, with half of these new missions to be launched by the end of 2013.

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Satellites · Military and Civil · Government and Commercial · EO satellites have many instruments and functions 10

ASPRS Land Imaging Satellites · Bill Stoney 2008 · Satellites.html 11

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Use of multiple data sources · Partnerships and Integration of data · USDA (excellent example) · USGS (Landsat, SPOT, other) · NGA · ESA · … · Constellations · DMCii Surrey and partners · RapidEye · NOAA Operational Platforms · WHY · Science requirements · Repeat coverage and frequency needs · Validation sources · Integration of data to meet product needs 14

We need to understand the error · All systems and models have some degree of error · Calibration compensates for errors and improved measurement accuracy is possible · Bias between sensors need to be defined and there is a strong need for better error characterization · Data record error is essential for use in climate and change assessment · Different groups can produce defensible, but statistically inconsistent estimates of trends · Need a consistent playing field 15

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Dome-C Cross Calibration Campaign 17 Dome C With so much impact and benefit to the cross calibration of sensors 2 Nd large CEOS field campaign is happening in now in December and January Please contact CEOS WGCV IVOS subgroup ASAP Major opportunity to support and collect data for a detailed CEOS cross-comparison activity at Antarctica DOME C including a manned activity measuring surface BRDF.

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Joint Agency Commercial Imagery Evaluation (JACIE) Workshop 19 · April 17-19, 2012 · Fairfax, VA · Abstracts due · Search for JACIE on the web

JACIE intercomparisons and applications · Characterization and comparison results · VIIRS · Landsat · THEOS · ResourceSat-1/2 · GeoEye · Digital Globe · 8-band challenge · UK-2/Deimos -1 · New digital sensors and results · LiDAR · Sar · Application Assessment with new sensors 20

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Future international data portal From CEOS WGISS: CEOS WGISS Integrated Catalog (QWIC) · Offers access to operational inventory systems at NOAA CLASS, NASA ECHO, USGS, INPE, and working on connection to AOE (China – NSMC, Beijing- 1) · System of Systems proof of concept demonstrated · EuroGEOSS Broker (JRC) searching for INPE inventory data via CWIC · Demo of GENESI (ESA) searching for NASA inventory data via CWIC · Demo of CNES (JeoBrowser) searching for NASA inventory data via CWIC · NASA CWIC Data Portal will provide satellite data discovery and access through the IDN and CWIC · HMA and CWIC is discussing on future interoperability · Future data partner includes CCRS; future portal partners include Geo Web portal, CCRS agency portal, AC portal, LSI portal 22

U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Questions