The Revolutionary War. From Enlightenment to Revolution Enlightenment: “To challenge the authority” Voltaire: Freedom of Speech and religious freedom.

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IV. The Revolutionary War
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Presentation transcript:

The Revolutionary War

From Enlightenment to Revolution Enlightenment: “To challenge the authority” Voltaire: Freedom of Speech and religious freedom Montesquieu: Separation of Powers Locke: “Natural Rights” Rights given to everybody that can’t be taken away

Bringing the Ideas to Life! Declaration of Independence Locke to Jefferson “When the govt. does not protect the people’s rights, it is the right of the people to abolish the govt. and create a new one!”

After Lexington & Concord 20,000 colonists surround Boston Washington has men, needs supplies Benedict Arnold and Ethan Allen seize artillery from Ft. Ticonderoga Washington drives British from Boston They will be back!

British overconfidence Did not guard Ft. Ticonderoga British ask for 20,000 troops, King gives 4,000 Bunker Hill: Frontal assault

Strengths & Weaknesses Well-disciplined army Had supplies, money Best Navy in the world Native American allies Helped by mercenaries War not popular in England Fought in America No supplies, money No Navy Untrained army European allies “Home-field Advantage” Fighting for a reason! BritishAmericans

Battle Chart-Lex. & Concord April 18 th & 19 th 1775 British attempt to seize arsenal;Shots fired, high #’s of British casualties Americans

Bunker (Breed’s) Hill: June 17 th 1775 British choose frontal assault, storm 3 times; Americans run out of ammo. British gain hill at big cost; Proved American’s desire. Who won: ?

New York: July 1776 British retake New York and Washington begins retreat to New Jersey British

Trenton & Princeton: Dec. 26 th, 1776 & Jan Washington uses “Victory or Death” surprise attack; captures 1000 Hessians;2 nd victory at Princeton helps recruit soldiers American

Saratoga: Oct Arnold & Gates crush Burgoyne; British surrender 6,000 troops. Victory persuades French to join American. Arnold does not get credit. American

Valley Forge: Winter 1777 Brutal winter; French and other leaders (Von Stueben) help train army ?

Charleston: 1780 British capture 5,500 Americans. Worst defeat of war. British

“South”: Nat Greene and the Americans avoid large-scale battles and let Cornwallis/British chase them=wears them out. NA

Yorktown: Oct Washington and Rochambeau (French) surround and bombard Cornwallis; force British to surrender. Americans win the war. American

Treaty of Paris 1783 Britain recognizes US as independent Northern border set at NE to Miss. Rv (Great Lakes) Miss. Rv. Was western border (Spain to west) Florida returned to Spain Britain to withdraw troops (?) Loyalists property & rights restored

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