Human Development Notes Ms. Wydra-Gat H.S.C.S.

Human Development: The scientific study of how people change as well as how they stay the same over time. We all develop at different speeds.

Nature vs. Nurture Nature –The way we are born –Genetics Nurture –How we are treated –Environment Which can we control? Nurture

The ways we change: Physical Intellectual Emotional Social

Physical How our body changes And the physical skills we can do

Physical Skills Fine Motor Skills Using small muscle ex: zipping zippers Gross Motor Skills Using large muscles ex: walking Physical Skills

Intellectual: Intelligence Smarts How we think

Emotional Our feelings

Social Getting along with others

Infant Birth- 1year

Physical Characteristics Size: –Head is 1/4 th the size of their entire body Fontanels: Open spaces in the skull

Skills Hold up head Roll over Sit up Crawl Walk

Reflexes Newborns have a lot of different reflexes. Fencer’s Pose Grasping

Other facts: Infants enjoy and respond to their mother’s face. The only way they can communicate is through crying. They learn through their senses.

Shaken Baby: A baby can suffer severe damage if shaken. It can just be a slight shake. SIDS= –Sudden –Infant –Death –Syndrome

Object Permanence: Infants do NOT have object permanence. When an object exists even if we don’t see it.

Infants Need…

Toddler Ages: 1-3 years

General Characteristics Walks Has object permanence. Talks in 1-2 word sentences. Has temper tantrums.

Toddler Social Skill Solitary Play: –Plays alone Parallel Play: –Plays alongside, not with another child

Toddlers They can only follow__________ commands. EX: simple “ Pick up the truck.”

TODDLER RULES OF POSSESSION 1. If I like it, it’s mine. 2. If it’s in my hand, it’s mine. 3. If I can take it from you, it’s mine. 4. If I had it a little while ago, it’s mine. 5. If it’s mine, it must NEVER appear to be yours in anyway. 6. If I’m doing or building something, all the pieces are mine. 7. If it looks just like mine, it is mine. 8. If I saw it first, it’s mine. 9. If you are playing with something and you put it down, it automatically becomes mine. 10. If it’s broken, it’s yours.

Early Childhood Ages 3-6

Preschoolers Practice fine motor skills. Need to learn how to share.

Egocentric: Cooperative Play: Self needs: Reading Readiness: Thinks of self first Plays with others Hygiene, goes to bathroom, dressing… Getting ready to read, knows letters …

This is the most important stage to develop… Speech and language

Middle Childhood Ages: 6-12

School Age: Gross motor skills become athletic Memory and language skills increase Can read, eyes are mature

In middle childhood: children like To spend time with friends.

Adolescence We are ages

Adolescents Physical changes are rapid. Ex. Puberty Very social Self-concept: –Figuring out who we are and who we want to be.

The most important thing is… Self Concept

Adulthood Career choices Many get married and have children (not all) Health peaks, then decreases Ages: years old

The most important thing(s) to an adult are… Family and career

Late Adulthood Ages 65+ Physical, social, and emotional changes occur