DNA, RNA, and DNA Replication

DNA vs RNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid Double Helix Shaped Forms: Nuclear Mitochondrial Chromosomal Never leaves Nucleus Contains C,G, A, T Ribonucleic Acid Single Helix Shaped Forms: Messenger Transfer Ribosomal Leaves Nucleus Contains C, G, A, U

DNA Base Pairing Adenine bonds with Thymine Cytosine bonds with Guanine A-T or T-A C-G or G-C

RNA Base Pairing Adenine bonds with Uracil Cytosine bonds with Guanine A-U or U-A C-G or G-C

DNA Structure Phosphate Group (PO4) Deoxyribose Sugar Nitrogen Base Pair

DNA Structure Mobile Color each part. Cut out the individual pieces. Glue or paste together. Attach string for individual mobiles. Tape all of the classses together and make a huge strand to hang from ceiling. Attach to cardboard and make a puzzle.

DNA Replication

DNA Replication Replication = DNA copies itself exactly (Occurs within the nucleus) Any mistake in copying = mutation DNA mutation = chromosomal mutation

Basic Facts of DNA Replication 1. Complementary base pairing makes replication possible C - G A - T

Basic Facts of DNA Replication 2. One side of DNA molecule is a template for making the other side (strand)

Process of DNA Replication Uncoil & unzip DNA molecule Enzyme (-ase) breaks weak Hydrogen Bond between bases

Process of DNA Replication 2. Enzyme brings in complementary N-bases DNA Replicase

Process of DNA Replication 3. Insert N-bases DNA Replication Tutorial (Go here for on-your-own learning/review) trc.ucdavis.edu/.../week5/06dnareplication.html

Replication Movie C - G A - T

Semi-conservative replication Each new DNA molecule contains one old strand & one new strand

DNA vs. RNA DNA RNA Sugar = deoxyribose Sugar = ribose Double-stranded molecule Single-stranded molecule Thymine bonds with adenine Uracil instead of thymine

DNA vs. RNA DNA RNA Nuclear DNA Mitochondrial DNA Chromosomal DNA mRNA = messenger tRNA = transfer rRNA = ribosomal Nuclear DNA never leaves the nucleus Assembled in nucleus, moves to cytoplasm (leaves the nucleus)

RNA vs. DNA

QUESTIONS TO KNOW What is the shape of DNA?

QUESTIONS TO KNOW A Double Helix

Where is DNA found within the cell? QUESTIONS TO KNOW Where is DNA found within the cell?

QUESTIONS TO KNOW In the nucleus only.

QUESTIONS TO KNOW What is the result of a mistake in the copying portion of DNA replication called?

QUESTIONS TO KNOW A mutation

QUESTIONS TO KNOW Cytosine bonds with?

QUESTIONS TO KNOW Guanine

Adenine bonds with what in DNA? RNA? QUESTIONS TO KNOW Adenine bonds with what in DNA? RNA?

QUESTIONS TO KNOW Thymine Uracil

QUESTIONS TO KNOW C-T-A-G-G-C-T-T-A-A-C-G-G-T-T-A-C What is the opposite DNA base pair of: C-T-A-G-G-C-T-T-A-A-C-G-G-T-T-A-C

QUESTIONS TO KNOW C-T-A-G-G-C-T-T-A-A-C-G-G-T-T-A-C G-A-T-C-C-G-A-A-T-T-G-C-C-A-A-T-G

QUESTIONS TO KNOW Which base pair is that of RNA? 1. C-T-A-G-G-C-T-T-A-A-C-G-G-T-T-A-C 2. C-A-U-G-G-C-A-A-U-U-G-C-C-U-U-G 3. G-T-U-C-C-G-T-U-T-U-C-G-G-T-A-C

QUESTIONS TO KNOW 1. C-T-A-G-G-C-T-T-A-A-C-G-G-T-T-A-C 2. C-A-U-G-G-C-A-A-U-U-G-C-C-U-U-G 3. G-T-U-C-C-G-T-U-T-U-C-G-G-T-A-C

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