Molecular genetics 30 September 2010 Donald Winslow.

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Presentation transcript:

Molecular genetics 30 September 2010 Donald Winslow

Molecular genetics Protein synthesis from gene to polypeptide Structure & function of DNA – Replication & transcription Structure & function of RNA – Translation Different types of RNA & roles in translation Causes & consequences of gene mutations Gene regulation by operons

Process of protein synthesis genes in DNA messenger RNA polypeptide Transcription Translation

Structure of DNA Double helix 2 antiparallel strands Each with a phosphodiester backbone Deoxyribose Nucleotide bases – Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

Antiparallel complementary strands 5’3’ 5’ Phosphodiester backbone ACGCTGCAAT TGGGCCTTAA Deoxyribose

DNA replication 5’ 3’ 5’ 3’ 5’ 3’ 5’ 3’ Template strand Leading strand Okazaki fragments Lagging strand

RNA structure differs from DNA Single-stranded instead of double-stranded Ribose instead of deoxyribose Uracil (U) instead of Thymine (T)

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