Newton’s Second Law

September 30, 2013 HW: PTG #1-6 pages Honors: Active Physics Plus Do Now: Copy LO and SC Agenda: Do Now LO and SC Investigate Physics Talk, Notes Active Physics Plus Learning Objective: Students use F=ma to solve problems relating to Newton’s Second Law of Motion Success Criteria: Identify the forces acting on an object Determine when the forces on an object are either balanced or unbalanced Compare amounts of acceleration semi-quantitatively Apply Newton’s Second Law of Motion Apply the definition of the Newton as a unit of force

WDYS/WDYT pg. 157

Do Now Grab a book and finish setting up your notebook for lab today

Notebook Set up Read Investigate pg Set up Notebook for tomorrow

Read Physics Talk Take cornell notes pages

Do Now: Read Investigate pg Agenda: Do Now LO and SC Investigate Physics Talk, Notes Active Physics Plus Learning Objective: Students use F=ma to solve problems relating to Newton’s Second Law of Motion Success Criteria: Identify the forces acting on an object Determine when the forces on an object are either balanced or unbalanced Compare amounts of acceleration semi-quantitatively Apply Newton’s Second Law of Motion Apply the definition of the Newton as a unit of force

Investigate: # minutes minutes

ForceMassAcceleration

Do Now

Exit Ticket (on a half sheet of paper) Explain the relationship between Mass, Acceleration, and Force. Hint: keep mass constant, explain what happens to force and acceleration Hint: keep force constant, explain what happens to mass and acceleration Hint: given a constant acceleration, how are mass and force related? Vocab: Mass, Acceleration, Force, increase, decrease, constant

October 2, 2013 HW: PTG 1-6 Do Now: How did the mass on the car change the force needed to push it? Agenda: Do Now LO/SC Physics Talk PTG L.O. Students use F=ma to solve problems relating to Newton’s Second Law of Motion S.C. Identify the forces acting on an object. Determine when the forces on an object are either balanced or unbalanced. Compare amounts of acceleration semi-quantitatively. Apply Newton’s Second Law of Motion. Apply the definition of the Newton as a unit of force

With your group Design an experiment with the materials you are given to show the following… How does Mass affect Force? How does Force affect acceleration? How does Mass affect acceleration? Remember: F=MA-keep one variable constant when designing experiments!! RECORD YOUR FINDINGS!!

In your notebook: Look at pg. 162 Explain why force is measure in Newtons which is defined as 1N=1kg*m/s 2

Physics Talk 2.3 What is Newton’s Second Law? Relationship between force, mass, and acceleration F=ma

Physics Talk 2.3 What is the equation for Newton’s Second Law? What does each variable represent? a = acceleration (m/s 2 ) F = force (Newton – N) m = mass (kg)

Physics Talk 2.3 What is a Newton? What causes acceleration? The Newton is the unit for force. 1 N is the force required to make one kg of mass accelerate at 1m/s 2 1N = 1 kg*m/s 2 Unbalanced forces

Physics Talk 2.3 What are some examples of Newton’s second law? Does Newton’s 2 nd Law ever stop working? If you push a small cart with a large force, it will accelerate a great deal. If you use the same force on a car, it will accelerate less. No, there is always acceleration, it just may be too small to measure.

Sample Problem 1 A tennis ball with mass 58g accelerates at 430 m/s 2 when it is served. What is the force responsible for this acceleration? Given: m =58 g = kg a = 430m/s 2 Unknown: Force Tool: F = ma Solution: F = 0.058kg*430m/s 2 F = kg*m/s 2 F ≈ 25N

Sample Problem 1 Could an identical force accelerate a 5.0 kg bowling ball at the same rate? Given: F=25N m = 5.0kg Unknown: acceleration Tool: F=ma Solution: 25N=5kg*a m/s 2 25N/5kg = a

Sample Problem 1 Could an identical force accelerate a 5.0 kg bowling ball at the same rate? No, an identical force would not accelerate the bowling ball at the same rate. Solution: 25N=5kg*a m/s 2 25N/5kg = a

Sample Problem 2 A tennis racket hit a sand-filled tennis ball with a force of 4 N. While the 275 g ball is in contact with the racket, what is its acceleration? Given: F=4N m=275g = kg Unknown: acceleration Tool: F=ma Solution: 4N=0.275kg*a m/s 2

Gravity, Mass, Weight, and Newton’s Second Law What is the acceleration due to gravity? What does this mean about the force of gravity? What is weight? 9.8 m/s 2 If you drop a 1kg mass, there is a force of 9.8N acting on the object The vertical, downward force exerted on a mass as a result of gravity

Gravity, Mass, Weight, and Newton’s Second Law How do you calculate an object’s weight? What do the variables mean? w = weight m = mass in kg g = acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s 2 )

Do Now: Use the concept of F=ma to explain why someone has different weights on different planets. Agenda: Do Now LO/SC Physics Talk Vector Addition  Learning Objectives:  Students use F=ma to solve problems relating to Newton’s Second Law of Motion  Explain the difference between mass and weight Success Criteria:  Identify the forces acting on an object  Determine when the forces on an object are either balanced or unbalanced  Compare amounts of acceleration semi-quantitatively  Apply Newton’s Second Law of Motion  Apply the definition of the Newton as a unit of force  Describe weight as the force due to gravity on an object

Balanced and Unbalanced Forces What is a free-body diagram? When will an object accelerate? A diagram showing the forces acting on an object Balanced force=no acceleration Unbalanced forces=acceleration

Free-Body Diagram Example of free body diagram for

Free-Body Diagram Example of a free-body diagram for a car moving on the road at a constant velocity. Is the car accelerating? Since the car is traveling at a constant speed, it is not accelerating. This means that the force of the road on the tires is equal to the air resistance and we have balanced forces.

What do you think now? In your notebook: Pg. 170