Evelyn Neame

Syllable timed Fence imageStr Stress timed 2 (Grant, 2000)

Stress Timed vs. Syllable Timed Marching photo 3

Now you try! 4 (Celce-Murcia, 2010)

Tap the Beat! (Celce-Murcia, 2010)

Content and Function Words Strong Words (Content words)Weak Words (Function words) FriendsMyof neededhavewith helpbeentheir Allsome work Strong WordsWeak Words nounsarticles: the, an, a main verbshelping verbs: are, am, have, can, do adjectivesprepositions: to, for, of, on, at adverbsconjunctions: and, or, as, than not, can’t, isn’tpronouns: he, you, his, her, your, our who, what, when, where, how this, that, these, those mine, yours 6

Stress What is stress? L o n g e r, louder, difference in pitch Where is the stress in these sentences? She’s going to school tomorrow. His car is white. We’re leaving in a week. She’s GOing to SCHOOL toMORrow. His CAR is WHITE. We’re LEAVing in a WEEK. 7

Sentence or phrase stress SATurday OverLOOK Electrifi CA tion 8 WHAT a day. Tell the COOK. We’re taking a va CA tion

Zoom Principle Rhythm & Stress ProminenceIntonation Individual Sounds (Firth, 1995) 9

Prominence SUPER STRESS Thought groups Imparts meaning 10 (FITho, 2009)

Prominence A: I’ve lost an umbrella. B: What kind of umbrella? A: A black umbrella. It had clouds on the inside. White clouds in a blue sky. 11 (Word Press, 2012) New information

Prominence SUPER STRESS 12 What words are prominent? new information contrasting information emphatic stress (FITho, 2009) (Celce-Murcia, 2010)

Intonation Matters A: Ready B: No A: Why B: Problems A: Problems B: Yes A: What B: Babysitter 13 ? ? ? ? !...

Intonation: Uncertainty Yes/No questions Are you going to the workshop tomorrow? Statements as questions You’re going to the workshop tomorrow? Tag questions, repetition questions It’s supposed to be plus five tomorrow, isn’t it? 14

Intonation: Certainty Declarative statements: I am a teacher at LEX. Commands: Shut the door. Wh-questions: What time does the workshop start? Some tag questions: It’s hot in here, isn’t it? Lists I need to buy milk, eggs, bananas and apples. (780)

Blending & Connected Speech Faster, smoother, easier! Linking: The smooth connection of sounds Send it, find out, keep up Assimilation: The change in adjacent sounds to resemble each other more closely Grandma, grandpa, sandwich Deletion: The disappearance of a sound Chocolate, vegetable, February (Celce-Murcia, 2010) 16

Communicative Activities Booking and paying for a flight Checking stock levels and ordering stock Locating subjects of interest in a library Scheduling a meeting Police officer stops driver Supermarket overcharges customer Passenger complains to airline 17

Putting It All Together Recycle activities and concepts Relevant and communicative ReviewPracticeFun! 18 Presenter Media (2012)

Resources for Students Pronunciation Power I & II: speaking and listening listening listening listening listening and speaking listening for advanced learners listening

Listening Well Said, by Linda Grant YouTube TV sitcom clips: Friends TV Commercials Movie clips 20

References Accent Master. (2008). English Pronunciation Lessons. Retrieved from Celce-Murcia, M., Brinton, D., & Goodwin, J. (2010). Teaching Pronunciation: A course book and reference guide. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. Grant, L. (2000). Well said: Pronunciation for clear communication. Boston, MA: Heinle. Firth, S. (1995). Pronunciation syllabus design. In P. Avery & S. Ehrlich (Eds.), Teaching American English pronunciation (pp ). Oxford: Oxford University Press. FITho. (2009). Bicep exercises. [Photograph]. Retrieved from Jones, M. L. (1996). Phonics in ESL literacy instruction: Functional or not? in Literacy online. Retrieved from Levy, S., & Shuman, I. (Producers) & Zwart, H. (Director). (2009). Pink Panther 2. [Motion Picture]. U.S.: MGM & Columbia Pictures. Orsini, M. E. (2007). Working with pronunciation in TEACHERSHOUSE. Retrieved from: Presenter Media. (2012). Puzzle pieces house teamwork. [Photograph]. Retrieved from Word Press. (2012). Soft Choice. Retrieved from: 21