Student Unmanned Aerial System FAMU/FSU College of Engineering Mechanical Engineering Department (1) Electrical and Computer Engineering Department (2) Antwon Blackmon 1 Walker Carr 1 Alek Hoffman 2 Ryan Jantzen 1 Eric Prast 2 Brian Roney 2 Sponsored by FCAAP April

Presentation Overview Introduction Concepts Generation and Selection Final Design Engineering Economics Project Results Conclusion 2

Introduction Primary Objectives: Systems Engineering approach for the design and manufacture of an Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) UAS able to complete specified mission. UAS design compliant with the 2012 AUVSI Student UAS Competition requirements. Project Budget of $

Mission Profile Warm-up & Take-off 2.Climb 3.Waypoint Navigation 4.Autonomous Area Search 5.Waypoint Navigation 6.Descent 7.Landing (Constant Target Recognition)

5 SUAS Simple Functional Diagram

Concepts Generation 6 Aircraft ConfigurationsMaterials Propulsion Systems Autopilot Systems Camera SystemsPower Supply Systems

Concepts Selection 7 Decision Matrix

Concepts Selected 8 Aircraft Configuration: Conventional Airfoils Materials: Fiberglass Foam Carbon Fiber Balsa Wood Propulsion System: Brushless DC Electric HV ESC with Data Log Autopilot System: ArduPilot Mega Xbee Telemetry Camera System: Sony Block Camera Arduino Board Lawmate Video Power Supply System: LiPo Batteries BEC

Final Design SUAS Aircraft Propulsion System Avionics System Imagery System Power Supply System 9

Final Design SUAS Aircraft Propulsion System Avionics System Imagery System Power Supply System 10

Aircraft Preliminary Sizing Utilized equations of motion for multiple phases of flight 11 Assumed Values: Cruise Speed: 55 mph Stall Speed: 25 mph Takeoff Distance: 500 ft. Design Point: P/W = ~14 Watts/lb W/S = ~2.7 lb/ft 2 P/W – Power Loading W/S – Wing Loading

Airfoil Selection 12 L – Lift D - Drag

Airfoil Selection 13 Wing: SD 7037 Horizontal/Vertical Tail: NACA0012

Airfoil Analysis 14

Aerodynamic Analysis Sectional Lift Coefficient Prandtl’s Lifting Line Theory 15

Aerodynamic Analysis 16 Viscous Drag Induced Drag Lift Force Moment

Stability Analysis Longitudinal Stability (stability in pitch) 17 Static Margin :

Overall Aircraft Layout 18

Overall Aircraft Layout 19

Fuselage Structure 20

Wing and Spar Structure 21 Spar Connection Tube Wing: Foam core Two layer carbon fiber outer skin Spar Location: 25% chord Connection Location: 55% chord Connection Length: 6 in in 51 in

Spar Structure 22 Balsa wood core Two layer carbon fiber top and bottom caps 3k weave carbon fiber sleave 48 in 0.5 in

Final Design SUAS Aircraft Propulsion System Avionics System Imagery System Power Supply System 23

Propulsion System Eflite Power 60 Brushless DC Motor CC High Voltage Electronic Speed Controller 24

25 Motor and Propeller Electronic Speed Controller

26 Propulsion System Data from Test Flight #2 Voltage (V) Current (A) Time (s) Taxi (6A, 31.5 V) Takeoff (41.9A, 29V ) Cruise (13.2A, 31V) Landing and Taxi (5.5A, 31V)

Final Design SUAS Aircraft Propulsion System Avionics System Imagery System Power Supply System 27

Avionics System Overview 28 *ESC – Electronic Speed Controller *

Autopilot System Design Ardupilot Mega & ground station software Xbee 900MHz Telemetry MediaTek MT3329 GPS MPXV7002DP Airspeed Sensor Personal laptop Futaba FPS148 Servos 29 Air Speed Sensor Autopilot Board GPS Xbee Tx

Autopilot Ground Station 30

Autopilot to Control Surface Interface The autopilot uses PWM* signals to interface with the control surfaces of the plane. 31 *PWM – Pulse Width Modulation

Final Design SUAS Aircraft Propulsion System Avionics System Imagery System Power Supply System 32

Imagery System Constraints  Maximum Altitude = 750 ft.  Target Characteristics -Shape -Color -Orientation  Off-Path Targets 33

Imagery System Overview Gimbal Control Camera Zoom 34

Camera Gimbal Camera Housing & Direct Drive Tilt System -Easily Assembled -ABS Plastic Top Mounted Pan Gearbox System -Continuous 360° Rotation 35

Video System Integration and Testing Arduino Mega 2560 Sony Block Camera Pan / Tilt Servo System 1.2 GHz Wireless TX and RX RC Camera Controller Test DescriptionPass / Fail ±90˚ Panoramic RotationPass -90˚ Tilt RotationPass Arduino and RC CommunicationPass Block Camera to Arduino Communication Pass Wireless Camera and Servo ControlPass Long Distance Wireless VideoPass EMI Signal InterferencePass* Integration with 2-axis GimbalN/A 36

Wireless Range Test – Success! Long distance video recognition – Success! Video and Telemetry Testing 37

Final Design SUAS Aircraft Propulsion System Avionics System Imagery System Power Supply System 38

Power Supply System Big Battery Pack: 2 8-cell 29.6 V Lipo Batteries (7.7 Ah Capacity) Small Battery Pack: 1 3-cell 11.1 V (1.3 Ah Capacity) CC Pro Battery Eliminator Circuit (29.6V  5V) 39

40 Top Level Electronics Diagram

Engineering Economics $3000 Initial Budget Some additional funds added 41

Results Electronics systems integrated Test Aircraft flown successfully Video feed operational Aircraft Components Constructed 42 Telemaster Test Aircraft Aircraft Components Constructed

Conclusion Demonstrated proficiency in: Systems Engineering Electronic System Design Computer Programming Aerodynamic Design Manufacturing 43

Conclusion Successfully Completed FAMU/FSU COE: ME Capstone Course ECE Capstone Course Had Fun! 44

Acknowledgements FCAAP Representative & ME Advisor Dr. Rajan Kumar ECE Advisor Dr. Mike Frank President of Seminole RC Club Mr. Jim Ogorek 45

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