A New Kind of War Chapter #11 Section #2.

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Presentation transcript:

A New Kind of War Chapter #11 Section #2

The Great War The Great War was the largest conflict in history up to that time. - the French mobilized 8.5 million men - the British mobilized 9 million men - the Russians mobilized 12 million men - the Germans mobilized 11 million men One out of every four men who fought in the Great War died.

Stalemate on the Western Front See map on pg. 359 The German Shlieffen Plan failed for several reasons. - Russia was able to mobilize more quickly than expected. - British and French troops pushed back the German drive along the Marne River. Both sides began to dig deep trenches to protect their armies from enemy fire. Trench warfare began and caused a stalemate, a deadlock in which neither side is able to defeat the other. - Battle lines in France would remain almost unchanged for four years.

Technology of Modern Warfare Weapons & Technology of World War I

World War I – A New Kind of War Witness History Video World War I – A New Kind of War

Trench Warfare

Battle on Other European Fronts Battles on the Eastern front were not mired in trench warfare. Casualties rose even higher on the Eastern Front Russia was the least industrialized nation, many soldiers fought without rifles! New Combatants join the war: - In 1915, Bulgaria joined the Central Powers and defeated Serbia. - Romania joined the Allies hoping to win land in Austria. - Italy declared war on Austria-Hungary and Germany

War Around the World The Ottoman Empire joins the Central Powers - The Ottoman Turks cut off crucial supply lines to Russia through the Dardanelles, a vital straight connecting the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. - The Allies sent a massive force of British, Indian, Australian, and New Zealander troops to open up the straight. - At the battle of Gallipoli, Turkish troops trapped the Allies on the beaches, as over 200,000 soldiers died during a 10 month battle, causing an Allied withdraw from the area.

Armenian Genocide Turkey was fighting Russia in the Caucus mountains, home to ethnic Armenians, who were minority Christians living under Ottoman rule. - Armenians did not have the same rights as Muslims. - Some Turkish Armenians joined the Russian army to fight against the Turks. - The Ottoman government deported the entire Armenian population south to Syria. - During the deportation, 600,000 and 1.5 million Armenians died. Many were killed by planned massacres, starvation. -Armenians fled to other countries (U.S.) leaving almost no Armenians in their historic homeland in Turkey.

Lawrence of Arabia On the third front, the Turks were hit hard in the Middle East. - The Ottoman empire included vast areas of Arab land. - In 1916, Arab nationalists led by Husayn ibn Ali declared a revolt against Ottoman rule. - The British government sent Colonel T.E. Lawrence, later known as Lawrence of Arabia, to support the Arab revolt. - Lawrence led guerilla raids against the Turks, dynamiting bridges and supply trains. - Eventually, the Ottoman empire lost a great deal of territory to the Arabs, including the key city of Baghdad (Iraq).

Homework All Quiet on the Western Front -considered the greatest novel about World War I. -written by Erich Maria Remarque. -he was wounded 5 times while serving in the German army in WWI. Read pg. 364 Answer Thinking Critically (1-2).