การปรับปรุงพันธุ์โค นม Dairy Improvement By Mr.Wuttigrai Boonkum Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture

Dairy Improvement Chart

The partition of Dairy Improvement Basic Genetic Model Basic Genetic Model P = G + E P = G + E A + D + I Ep + Et P = phenotype I = epistatic G = genetic Ep= permanent environment E = environment Et = temporary environment A = additive D = dominant

Dairy Improvement (idea) Objective of dairy improvement Objective of dairy improvement – To improve genetic of animal – To improve characteristic of animal – To increase production on farm

The problem of dairy improvement Low production >> FTA, GMOs Low production >> FTA, GMOs No extension from ministry >> Industry No extension from ministry >> Industry No education of maketing >> economy No education of maketing >> economy No education of dairy improvement No education of dairy improvement No budget >> poor No budget >> poor

History of Dairy cattle in Thailand 2495 jersey, red sindi 30 head 2495 jersey, red sindi 30 head 2497 jersey, brawn swiss 72 head 2497 jersey, brawn swiss 72 head 2504 red dene 40 head 2504 red dene 40 head 2537 crossbred holstein 7,000 head 2537 crossbred holstein 7,000 head 2538 – present crossbred holstein (vary) 2538 – present crossbred holstein (vary)

Breed improvement in Thailand HF (100 % blood) HF (100 % blood) TF (more than 75 % blood) TF (more than 75 % blood) TMZ (BHNT vs HF by HF less than 75 % blood) TMZ (BHNT vs HF by HF less than 75 % blood) AFS (Austrarian Friesian Sahiwal) AFS (Austrarian Friesian Sahiwal) HF crossbred, Red sindi and Zebu for import HF crossbred, Red sindi and Zebu for import

First priority of problem (real) Bad collected data of overall animals Bad collected data of overall animals Farmer no education and do not understand Farmer no education and do not understand The ministry no quality, no budget The ministry no quality, no budget No associated between ministry and farm owner No associated between ministry and farm owner No continuous research No continuous research The policy does not continue support The policy does not continue support

The role of ministry 1. Animal husbandry division, Departmet of Livestock Development Development 1.1 (Dairy Herd Improvement) 1.1 (Dairy Herd Improvement) 1.2 The trainning and research dairy cattle institute 1.2 The trainning and research dairy cattle institute (Trainning and Research Purebreed and Crossbred (Trainning and Research Purebreed and Crossbred Thai Friesian; TF) Thai Friesian; TF) 1.3 The improve dairy cattle project 1.3 The improve dairy cattle project (thai milking zebu; TMZ) (thai milking zebu; TMZ)

The role of ministry 2. Artificial Insemination Division. Department of Livestock Development Department of Livestock Development 2.1 Collected semen from country 2.1 Collected semen from country 2.2 Master Bull Project 2.2 Master Bull Project

The roadmap of dairy improvement -Thailand have high genetic variation -The associated of Department of Livestock development DPO farm owner and researchers Main objective; 1. Created Thai Dairy Friesian (TDF) import, cost 2. Improve genetic of dairy cattle in Thailand 3 Created dairy pedigree for show performance data

The process of dairy Improvement 1. Record data of every sourse and can connecting with all data 2. Analized genetic evaluation of dairy cattle 3. Rank and Selected dairy calttle for using bull dams and semen production 4. Sekection young bulls for using performance test and bull test 5. Proof bulls by using progeny test 6. Selection proven sires for produce frozen semen

conclusion Thailand has good genetic data and very diversity of genetic for base improve dairy cattle Thailand has good genetic data and very diversity of genetic for base improve dairy cattle Other factor should synchronized improve as; associated between farm owner and ministry, budget etc Other factor should synchronized improve as; associated between farm owner and ministry, budget etc