Unit 3 Language in use Module 7

Passive Voice I have been asked to decorate the hall. Pizza was invented in Italy. Lunch is eaten later. Knives and forks are used for most food. There is some food which can be eaten with your fingers. You’ll be invented to serve yourself. If you’ve been given something you don’t like, it should be pushed to the edge of the plate and left.

一般现在时 : 一般过去时 : 一般将来时 : 情态动词 : 现在进行时 : 过去进行时 : 现在完成时 : 过去完成事 : S+am/is /are + done S+can/may/must/should+be+done S+will+be +done S+ was/were+ being+done S+have/has+been+ done S+was/were + done Summary: 各种时态的被动语态构成 S+ am/is/ are+being+done S +had +been+ done

1. The river smells terrible. People must __ dirty thing into it.( 南京市中考题 ) A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing 中考被动语态考题 B 2. This book __ often __from the library. ( 北 京市中考题 ) A. aren’t take; away B. taken; away C. isn’t taken; away D. be taken; away C

3. He ___ ___ (tell) to return his books to the library yesterday. ( 黄冈市中考题 ) was told 4. Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by them last week. ( 济南市中考题 ) 变主动语态 ___________ another man-made satellite into space last week. They sent up

被动语态：主语是动作的承受者。 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有 必要指出谁是动作的执行者时，或者只需强 调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。 Conclusion: (一)(一) (二)(二) 主动语态如何改成被动语态？ 1. 主动语态的宾语改成被动语态的主语。 2. 主动语态的谓语动词改成被动语态的谓语动 词。 do be done

3. 注意保持时态和人称的一致。 4. 带双宾的谓语动词有两种改法。当把直接 宾语改成主语时，谓语动词后必须加适当 的介词 : to for. 如： give be given to 此类动词还有： pass, show, send… 再如： buy be bought for 此类动词还有： make, draw, cook, mend …

5. 一些动词不定式在主动语态中省略 to 作宾 语补足语，改成被动语态时， to 必须还原。 注 : 1. 不及物动词（ vi.) 不用被动语态。如 : happen 、 take place 、 appear 、 disappear…

几种特殊结构 1. My uncle gave me a gift on my birthday ． I was given a gift on my birthday ． A gift was given to me on my birthday. 2. We often hear him play the guitar ． He is often heard to play the guitar 注意： see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make, listen to, look at 等动词 / 短语后作宾语补语的不定式都 不带 to ；但改成被动语态后必须带 to 。

Exercise I. Put the following sentences into the passive voice. 1. Someone wounded his arm. 2. You should teach children to tell the truth. His arm was wounded by someone. Children should be taught to tell the truth. 3. He told the story in a pleasant and interesting way. The story was told in a pleasant and interesting way by him.

4. I have repaired the recorder several times. The recorder has been repaired several times by me. 5. I saw him push a bike out of the house. 6. They are making this type of radios in shanghai. He was seen to push a bike out of the house. This type of radios are being made in shanghai by them.

II. Please choose the best answer. 1. English ____ in many countries. A. is spoken B. speaks C. speak D. be spoken 2. A bridge ____ last years. A. has been built B. is being built C. was built D. is built

3. The little girl ____ by the tiger in the zoo. A. frightened B. was frightened C. had frightened D. was frightening 4. These magazines ____ out of the reading-room. A. must not take B. must not be taken C. must not take D. must not been taken

5. The problem ____ at tomorrow’s meeting. A. shall be discussed B. shall discuss C. is discussed D. discusses 6. The car ____ in the garage now. A. is being repaired B. has repaired C. is repairing D. repairs

7. Ways ____ to make waste water clean. A. have been found B. have found C. is found D. found 8. The children ____ when we go out. A. must take care of B. must be taken care of C. take care of D. are going to take care of

9. The meeting ____ until next Friday. A. won’t hold B. is hold C. won’t be held D. held 10. A medal ____ him for his wonderful work. A. gave B. gives C. has been given to D. has been given

1. Write sentences to explain these signs. 1. Lunch ________daily from 12 pm to 2 pm. 2. Food ______________into the bedrooms. 4. The hotel ____________ in The garden _______ now open for meals. 5. No more tickets for the show ____________ until 11 am. is served mustn’t be taken was built is will be sold are sold

2. Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs. 1. are served 2. is kept Answers: 3. are allowed 4. be turned off 5. not be seen 6. is improved 7. is made

3. Work in pairs. Look at the pictures and say what you think happened.

4. Complete the newspaper report. Use the correct form of the words in the box. call eat fill order pay 1. has …been paid 2. was eaten 3. were called 4. was filled 5. was ordered Answer:

5. Answer the questions about the words in the box. bread cake cheese chicken legs grapes hamburger salad soup 1.bread, cake, hamburger, chicken legs, cheese and grapes. 2.soup 3.bread, grades 4.soup (salad is sometimes served in a bowl, but not always) Answer:

6. Work in pairs and answer the questions. 1. What is your favorite Chinese finger food? 2. When is a spoon used, instead of chopsticks? 3. Do you use knives and forks in your home? 4. What food do you usually have on a plate, and what in a bowl?

7. Listen and match the conversations with the pictures. C A B answer:

8. Listen again and choose the best answer: Answer: 1.B 2.A 3.C

They eat later than people in China. 9. Read the and answer the questions. 1. Do people in the West eat earlier or later than people in China? 2. How many courses are usual for a meal in the West? There are three courses. 3. Why should Richard practice using chopsticks? Because it is difficult at first.

4. Why are the plated placed in the middle of the table? For everyone to share. 5. Is it a good idea to talk about food during a meal? Yes, it is.

Around the world Birthday parties in the USA

1.When do teenagers celebrate their important celebrations? On their 16th birthday. 2. Where do they usually celebrate it? In the hotel or in the home. 3. What other ways do they celebrate it? They will go on a special trip together, go to the cinema or a nice restaurant for a meal. 3. Why do they celebrate it? Because after the 16th birthday, the 17th birthday is like the first step towards being an adult.

Module task 11. Describe a special or unusual meal you have eaten. Say: Where and when you ate it Who you were with Why the meal was special or unusual What happened during the meal What the nicest thing about the experience was

11. Compare your list with other students. 12. Write a complete list on the board.

Homework