STRATEGY FOR WINNING 1)Wear down the North 2)The South doesn’t have to win, they just don’t have to lose!

CONFEDERATE ADVANTAGES

HOMEFIELD ADVANTAGE

2) Better Troops & Generals Cool Beard O’ Meter: 10!!!

3) They are fighting for a cause: their independence

DISADVANTAGES 1) few factories 2) very little railroads 3) weak central government 4) small population for troops

The Civil War The Early Years

BATTLE OF BULL RUN July 21, 1861July 21, 1861 First battle of the Civil WarFirst battle of the Civil War Union losesUnion loses –Union soldiers retreat and run through a crowd of spectators!

Good ‘Ol Wilmer McLean McLean’s house in Manassas, Virginia, where the first Battle of Bull Run occurred on his front lawn! McLean’s house in Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia where General Lee surrendered to General GrantMcLean’s house in Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia where General Lee surrendered to General Grant McLean can say that the Civil War began in his front yard and ended in his parlor!

BATTLE OF SHILOH, April 6-7, 1862 Large battle over Miss. RiverLarge battle over Miss. River Union victory allows for them to control northern half of Mississippi RiverUnion victory allows for them to control northern half of Mississippi River

BATTLE OF THE HAMPTON ROADS, VA, March 1862 Union starts naval blockade of Virginia.Union starts naval blockade of Virginia. Ironclad ships are used by both sidesIronclad ships are used by both sides USS Monitor vs. CSS MerrimackUSS Monitor vs. CSS Merrimack Monitor claimed victory but both survived this battle.

U.S.S. Monitor “Tin can on a raft”“Tin can on a raft” Built to combat Confederate ironclads and protect Union fleetBuilt to combat Confederate ironclads and protect Union fleet Sank with 16 men onboard in Dec : wreckage found 2003: 2 bodies recovered

C.S.S. Merrimack (Virginia) Built from a sunken US ship the USS Merrimack by placing iron slabs on the boat.Built from a sunken US ship the USS Merrimack by placing iron slabs on the boat. Sank several Union ships off Virginia coast.Sank several Union ships off Virginia coast. The crew destroyed it so it wouldn’t be captured by the Union Navy in May 1862The crew destroyed it so it wouldn’t be captured by the Union Navy in May 1862

BATTLE OF ANTIETAM, 9/17/1862 BACKGROUND Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia has invaded MarylandLee’s Army of Northern Virginia has invaded Maryland Wishes to push the Union back and gain supplies from MarylandWishes to push the Union back and gain supplies from Maryland McClellan finds Lee’s plans but doesn’t act fast enough!McClellan finds Lee’s plans but doesn’t act fast enough!

Fighting took place in and around Sharpsburg, Maryland.Fighting took place in and around Sharpsburg, Maryland. Troop Totals:Troop Totals: –Union: 87,000 –Confederacy: 45, 000 After fighting all day, Lee’s troops retreat into Virginia.After fighting all day, Lee’s troops retreat into Virginia. Technically a Union win.Technically a Union win.

July 1861 Battle of Bull Run Feb Battle of Shiloh Mar Battle of the Monitor & Merrimack Sept Battle of Antietam Apr 1861 Battle of Fort Sumter TIMELINE OF EARLY BATTLES SUMMARY OF THE CIVIL WAR Union is losing key battles in the eastUnion is losing key battles in the east Abraham Lincoln is very unpopular in the Union.Abraham Lincoln is very unpopular in the Union. The Confederacy is winning the Civil War.The Confederacy is winning the Civil War. Battle of Antietam gives Lincoln a chance to “rally the troops”.Battle of Antietam gives Lincoln a chance to “rally the troops”.

July 1861 Battle of Bull Run Feb Battle of Shiloh Mar Battle of the Monitor & Merrimack Sept Battle of Antietam Apr 1861 Battle of Fort Sumter TIMELINE OF EARLY BATTLES SUMMARY OF THE CIVIL WAR Union is losing key battles in the eastUnion is losing key battles in the east Abraham Lincoln is very unpopular in the Union.Abraham Lincoln is very unpopular in the Union. The Confederacy is winning the Civil War.The Confederacy is winning the Civil War. Battle of Antietam gives Lincoln a chance to “rally the troops”.Battle of Antietam gives Lincoln a chance to “rally the troops”.

Antietam “Fun Facts!” Bloodiest day in the history of the United States.Bloodiest day in the history of the United States. Over 23,000 causalities.Over 23,000 causalities. 3,600 soldiers died from the battle.3,600 soldiers died from the battle. That is the highest single day death total in American history.That is the highest single day death total in American history. #2: September 11, 2001#2: September 11, 2001 The Union claims victory though neither side really won.The Union claims victory though neither side really won. Northern newspapers use this battle to show the Union’s strengthNorthern newspapers use this battle to show the Union’s strength Lee will once again invade the Union in 1863.Lee will once again invade the Union in Lincoln fires McClellan as leader of the Army of the Potomac.Lincoln fires McClellan as leader of the Army of the Potomac. President Lincoln uses this battle to rally the northerners to support the war.President Lincoln uses this battle to rally the northerners to support the war. He will issue a statement that will significantly alter the course of the Civil War.He will issue a statement that will significantly alter the course of the Civil War. This guy’s got a uglier beard than I do… he’s hired! Cool Beard O’ Meter: 10!!!

The Emancipation Proclamation YOUR JOB:YOUR JOB: –What did it state? –What did it do to the Union’s war goals –How would these people react to it: AbolitionistAbolitionist Northern Factory workerNorthern Factory worker CopperheadCopperhead Farmer in a border stateFarmer in a border state SouthernerSoutherner