KINEMATICS – Motion with constant acceleration Level 1 Physics.

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Presentation transcript:

KINEMATICS – Motion with constant acceleration Level 1 Physics

Objectives and Essential Questions Objectives Define and apply definitions of displacement, avg. velocity, instantaneous velocity, and average acceleration Demonstrate proficiency in problem solving using kinematic equations including problems involving free-fall Analyze motion of graphs qualitatively and quantitatively. Essential Questions What is displacement? How does it differ from distance? How is displacement affected by time, velocity, and acceleration? How is scientific data displayed?

SYMBOLS x, yDisplacement tTime vovo Initial velocity vFinial velocity aAcceleration gAcceleration due to gravity

Equation #1

EXAMPLE #1 A speedboat has a constant acceleration of +2.0 m/s 2. If the initial velocity of the boat is 6.0 m/s, how fast is the boat moving after 8 seconds? What do I know? What do I need? v o = 6 m/sv = ? a = +2.0 m/s 2 t = 8 sec

Equation #2 b. Find the displacement of the boat after the 8 second.

Graphical Representation Area of triangle Area of rectangle Total Displacement = 64 m + 48 m = 112 m  110 m 22 m/s

Equation/Example #3 Example: You are driving through town at 12 m/s when suddenly a ball rolls out in front of your car. You apply the brakes and begin decelerating at 3.5 m/s 2. What do I know?What do I want? v o = 12 m/sx = ? a = m/s 2 v = 0 m/s How far do you travel before coming to a complete stop?

Confusion?? How do I know what equation to use and what variable do I need to solve for? EquationMissing quantity x v t

VERTICAL Kinematics All of the 3 previous equations can be applied to the vertical direction simply by adding a few changes. Notice: Since g has a value of 9.8 m/s 2 and is directed downward, the positive sign has been replaced with a negative sign.