EPI VACCINES

BCG ( Bacille Calmette- Guerin)  Protects infants against TB  In powder form with diluents  Must be discarded after 6 hrs. or at the end of the immunization session

Type of vaccine Live Bacteria Number of doses 1 Schedule At or as soon as possible after birth BoosterNone Contraindications Symptomatic HIV infection Common Adverse rxn Local abcess Special precautions Correct intradermal administration special syringe and needle

Dosage.05 ml Injection site Outer upper left arm or shoulder Injection type intradermal Storage Store bet. 2-8 degrees Celsius but not the diluents

DPT Vaccine Type of vaccine Diphtheria and tetanus as toxoids. Pertussis as killed whole-cell bacterium Number of doses 3 primary doses schedule 6,10,14 wks of age Contraindicati on Anaphylactic reaction to previous dose Adverse rxn Mild local or systemic reactions

Special Precautions DPT not usually given over 6 yrs of age Dosage 0.5 ml Injection site Outer mid thigh in infant/ outer upper arm in older children Injection type IM Storage Store between 2-8 degrees Celsius should never be frozen

Side effects  Fever  Soreness DPT vaccine should never be frozen. The shake test will determine if the vaccine has been damaged by freezing. If the vaccines fails the shake test discard it

Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) Type Live Oral Polio Vaccine No. of Doses 3 doses Schedule 6, 10, 14 weeks of age Booster Supplementary doses given during polio eradication activities Contraindicatio ns None

Adverse Rxn VAPP very rarely (Approx. 2-4 cases/million children vaccinated) Special Precautions Children known to have rare congenital immune deficiency syndrome Dosage 2 drops Storage Between ° C

Measles Types Live attenuated Virus No. of doses 1 dose Schedule 9-11 mos. Of age Booster 2 nd opportunity (routine or campaign) Contraindicati on Severe reaction to previous dose

Adverse Rxn. Malaise, fever, rash, rarely encephalitis, anaphylaxis Special Precaution None Dosage.5ml Injection site Outer mid thigh/ upper arm depending on the age Injection Type Subcutaneous Storage Between ° C

Hepatitis B Vaccine Type Recombinant DNA or Plasma Derived No. of doses 3 doses Schedule Several options Boosternone Contraindicatio ns Anaphylactic rxn to a previous dose

Adverse Rxn. Local soreness and redness Dosage.5ml Injection site Outer mid thigh (infants) outer upper arm ( children and adult) Injection Type Intramuscular Storage Store between 2-8° C. Never Freeze

Type Toxoid as DT, TT or TD No. of doses At least 2 primary doses Schedule See next table Booster TT/TD every 10 yrs or during pregnancy. DT 18 mos-6 yrs. Contraindicatio ns Anaphylactic rxn Tetanus Toxoid Tetanus Toxoid

Adverse Rxn Mild local or systemic reactions Dosage.5 ml Injection site Outer upper arm Injection type Intramascular Storage Store between 2-8° C. Never Freeze

TT immunization schedule Dose of TT When to give Expected duration of protection 1 At first contact or as early as possible in pregnancy none 2 At least 4 wks after TT1 1-3 yrs

3 At least 6 mos. after TT2 or during subsequent pregnancy At least 5 yrs 4 At least 1 yr after TT3 or during subsequent pregnancy At least 10 yrs 5 At least 1 yr after TT4 or during subsequent pregnancy For all child bearing years and possibly longer

Immunization schedule for children Age EPI visit Antigens given Antigens given With Birth Dose Birth0BCG Hep B -birth 6 wks 1 OPV1, DPT1 Hep B2 10 wks 2 OPV2, DPT2 14 wks 3 OPV3, DPT3 Hep B mos. 4Measles

Indications  Allergy or asthma  Any minor illness such as respiratory tract infections or diarrhea with temperature below 38.5°C  Family history of adverse events following immunization  Family history of convulsion, seizures or fits  Treatment with antibiotics

 Known or suspected HIV infection with no signs and symptoms of AIDS  Child being breastfed  Chronic illnesses such as chronic diseases of the heart, lungs, kidney or liver  Stable neurological conditions such as CP or Down’s syndrome  Premature or low birth weight

 Malnutrition  History of jaundice at birth

Contraindications  Anaphylaxis or severe hypersensitivity reaction  Do not give BCG or yellow fever vaccine to an infant that exhibits the signs and symptoms of AIDS

Giving vaccines at the same time  If you are giving more than 1 vaccine DO NOT use the same syringe, DO NOT use the same arm or leg for more than 1 injection  DO Not give more than 1 dose of the same vaccine in 1 session

 Give doses of the same vaccine at the correct intervals. Note: If a child has diarrhea when you give OPV administer an extra dose