Ch 4, Sec 3-4 The French and Indian War
Causes of the War British wanted to trade in the Ohio River Valley and built a fort for traders French claimed the land and built up many forts to fight the British British troops attacked French troops in modern day Canada French troops then attacked Maine/New York
George Washington Sent to Ohio River Valley to survey land Supposed to kick the French off “British” lands French ignored him Was made a lieutenant colonel of a militia Took troops to modern day Pittsburgh and built Fort Necessity Here, his troops lost against the French
The Natives Take France’s Side Treated them better Wanted to only trade Did not take their lands Married native women Accepted native culture
Iroquois Confederacy Lived in NY Originally traded with both groups Became allies with the British for trade purposes
Albany Plan of Union 11 colonies came together to plan protection from the French Wanted to become allies with the Iroquois Plan failed b/c no one colony would give up total power for the greater good
General Edward Braddock Sent by Britain to push the French out of the Ohio River Valley 1 st time the colonists got help from Britain in 1754 Ignored Washington’s ideas on fighting strategy Ambushed and killed with 1,000 of 1,400 men
British Troops French Troops and Indians
Early Years of the War British lost most battles Forced Britain to start a war with France in Europe-the Seven Years War – Britain allied with Prussia-fought the French for them while Britain fought in the colonies – France allied with Spain
William Pitt New Prime Minister of Britain Picked great military leaders-defeated the French forts in Canada and in the colonies by 1759 Said Britain would front the war bill, not the colonists Made the colonists pay the bill after the war ended through taxes (1 st cause of the Revolutionary War)
Where Were The British Victorious? Canada West Indies (Caribbean) Cuba India New France (modern day Quebec, Canada) – French Capital in the New World
Treaty of Paris of 1763 France got their lands back in the West Indies British got the French lands in Canada and lands in America to the Mississippi River Britain got Florida from Spain in return for giving them land West of the Mississippi River Ended French presence in North America
What Happened To The Natives? Continued trading with the British British traders increased prices of goods British did not pay natives for lands taken from them British started stealing their lands in the Ohio River Valley
Proclamation of 1763 Signed after the end of Pontiac’s War – Natives tried to attack/take over colonists but failed Stopped expansion of the colonies West Made the Appalachian Mountains the boundary Not popular with colonists who claimed land in the banned areas (2 nd Cause of the Revolutionary War)