Warm-Up Fill in the blanks in blood’s path through the heart: from the body 1. vena cava 2.____ 3.____ 4.____ to the lungs 5. pulmonary vein 6.____ 7.____ 8.____ back to the body Fill in the blanks in blood’s path through the heart: Heart Diagram

Respiratory System

Functions of the Respiratory System Supply oxygen to the blood Remove carbon dioxide from the blood

What is the function of the respiratory system? To provide oxygen & carbon dioxide to the body cells. To provide carbon dioxide to body cells & remove oxygen. To provide oxygen to body cells & remove carbon dioxide. To remove oxygen & carbon dioxide from the body cells.

Organs of the Respiratory System Nose & Mouth (air enters through the nostrils & mouth) Nasal cavity = air is cleaned, warmed, and moistened

Organs of the Respiratory System Throat Pharynx = passageway for both food and air

Organs of the Respiratory System Throat Pharynx = passageway for both food and air Epiglottis = flap that closes over the larynx when swallowing to keep food & water out

Organs of the Respiratory System Throat Pharynx = passageway for both food and air Epiglottis = flap that closes over the larynx when swallowing to keep food & water out Larynx = air only; vocal chords are attached here

Organs of the Respiratory System Throat Pharynx = passageway for both food and air Epiglottis = flap that closes over the larynx when swallowing to keep food & water out Larynx = air only; vocal chords are attached here Trachea (windpipe)= c-shaped rings of cartilage keep it open all the time

Which of these does the nasal cavity NOT do to inhaled air? Clean Warm Moisten Condense 10

What is the flap called that prevents food from entering the larynx? Pharynx Epiglottis Larynx Trachea 10

What is the first structure that only air can pass through (not food)? Mouth Pharynx Larynx Trachea 10

Organs of the Respiratory System Lungs (where oxygen & carbon dioxide are exchanged)

Organs of the Respiratory System Lungs (where oxygen & carbon dioxide are exchanged) Bronchi = 2 small branches at end of trachea; carry air into lungs

Organs of the Respiratory System Lungs (where oxygen & carbon dioxide are exchanged) Bronchi = 2 small branches at end of trachea; carry air into lungs Bronchioles = smaller branches off of bronchi

Organs of the Respiratory System Lungs (where oxygen & carbon dioxide are exchanged) Bronchi = 2 small branches at end of trachea; carry air into lungs Bronchioles = smaller branches off of bronchi Alveoli = tiny, grape-like sacs at the end of bronchioles; surrounded by capillaries

Organs of the Respiratory System Diaphragm (muscle below the lungs that helps move air in and out of the body)

What is this structure called? bronchi bronchiole alveoli diaphragm 10

What causes you to exhale? Your lungs contract to squeeze the air out. Your diaphragm moves up, pushing air out of the lungs. Your ribs squeeze the air out of your lungs. Your diaphragm moves down, letting air escape from your lungs. 10

Gas Exchange in the Lungs Takes place between alveoli and capillaries

Gas Exchange in the Lungs Takes place between alveoli and capillaries INHALE oxygen enter body into alveoli into capillaries into blood to body cells

Gas Exchange in the Lungs Takes place between alveoli and capillaries EXHALE leaves body into alveoli into capillaries into blood CO2 from body cells

Where does the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occur? The heart The alveoli The pharynx The body cells 10

What carries the blood back to the heart after it picks up oxygen from the alveoli? Lungs Aorta Pulmonary artery Pulmonary vein 10

Excretory System

Functions of Excretory System Rids blood of wastes (urea)

Functions of Excretory System Rids blood of wastes (urea) Controls blood volume by removing extra water produced by cells

Functions of Excretory System Rids blood of wastes (urea) Controls blood volume by removing extra water produced by cells Balances salts and water so cells can function properly

Which is not a function of the excretory system? Removes wastes from the blood Removes excess water from the blood Removes carbon dioxide from the blood Removes excess salt from the blood 10

Organs of the Excretory System Renal Artery = carries blood into the kidneys Renal Vein = carries blood out of the kidneys Kidneys = filter blood that has collected wastes from cells

Organs of the Excretory System Renal Artery = carries blood into the kidneys Renal Vein = carries blood out of the kidneys Kidneys = filter blood that has collected wastes from cells Nephrons = filters inside the kidneys Produce urine (sterile waste fluid, 96% water)

What does the renal vein carry? Blood containing waste into the kidneys Blood containing waste back to the body Clean blood into the kidneys Clean blood back to the body 10

What is urine mostly made of? Water Urea Salt Blood 10

Organs of the Excretory System Ureters = tubes that lead from each kidney to bladder

Organs of the Excretory System Ureters = tubes that lead from each kidney to bladder Urinary bladder = muscular organ that holds urine

Organs of the Excretory System Ureters = tubes that lead from each kidney to bladder Urinary bladder = muscular organ that holds urine Urethra = tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body

What is this structure? Ureter Urine Bladder Urethra 10

Where is urine stored until the body is ready to eliminate it? Kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra 10

Other Excretory Organs Skin = releases perspiration (water & salts) to cool off body

Other Excretory Organs Skin = releases perspiration (water & salts) to cool off body Lungs = release carbon dioxide from the body

Which statement is true about excreted substances? Water can only be removed by the kidneys. Excess salt can be removed by the kidneys & skin. Blood carries all waste products to the lungs to be removed from the body. Carbon dioxide can be excreted by the skin. 10

Which system does not include an excretory organ? Excretory system Integumentary system Cardiovascular system Respiratory system 10