Weather & Climate EOG Review

Weather Predicting … s/realworld/predicting_weather/ s/realworld/predicting_weather/ s/realworld/predicting_weather/ s/realworld/predicting_weather/

Gathering Weather Data … Daily Weather Report (notebooks): Daily Weather Report (notebooks): - Today is … - What is the weather like this morning/afternoon? - Precipitation (kind/amount) - Wind (direction/speed) - Air Pressure (reading) - Clouds (partly, half, mostly, totally/kinds) - Temperature (reading; hot, warm, cool or cold)

Gathering Weather Data … Weather Forecasting: forecasting.htm forecasting.htm forecasting.htm forecasting.htm (Weather Smart: Forecasting & Weather Instruments 15 min.) c6-b054- 7a2e4da551f2&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFriendly=0&provid er=&isLessonFromHealth=0&productcode=DETB&isAssig ned=false&includeHeader=YES&homeworkGuid= c6-b054- 7a2e4da551f2&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFriendly=0&provid er=&isLessonFromHealth=0&productcode=DETB&isAssig ned=false&includeHeader=YES&homeworkGuid= c6-b054- 7a2e4da551f2&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFriendly=0&provid er=&isLessonFromHealth=0&productcode=DETB&isAssig ned=false&includeHeader=YES&homeworkGuid c6-b054- 7a2e4da551f2&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFriendly=0&provid er=&isLessonFromHealth=0&productcode=DETB&isAssig ned=false&includeHeader=YES&homeworkGuid

Earth’s Fresh Water Lesson Vocabulary: Lesson Vocabulary: - water cycle (evaporation, condensation, precipitation, & runoff) - groundwater

Earth’s Fresh Water How Do We Use Earth’s Oceans? How Do We Use Earth’s Oceans? 1. Seafood 2. Minerals 3. Fossil Fuels 4. Fresh Water

Earth’s Fresh Water How Can Fresh Water Be Polluted? How Can Fresh Water Be Polluted? 1. Precipitation (pollutants in the air) 2. Runoff water 3. Groundwater (chemicals-pesticides) 4. Industry 5. Household waste

Water Vapor & Humidity Lesson Vocabulary: Lesson Vocabulary: - water vapor - humidity - evaporation - condensation - relative humidity

Water Vapor & Humidity Would you say that the sun is a cause of clouds? Would you say that the sun is a cause of clouds? - The sun heats air, causing it to rise. As air rises, it expands and cools. Condensation then occurs, forming clouds.

Clouds & Precipitation Lesson Vocabulary: Lesson Vocabulary: - Stratus clouds - Cumulus clouds - Cirrus clouds - Fog - Precipitation (rain, snow, sleet, or hail)

Clouds & Precipitation Stratus clouds = blanketlike Stratus clouds = blanketlike Cumulus clouds = puffy Cumulus clouds = puffy Cirrus clouds = high altitudes, formed of ice crystals, wispy, featherlike Cirrus clouds = high altitudes, formed of ice crystals, wispy, featherlike Nimbo/Nimbus = rain Nimbo/Nimbus = rain Cumulonimbus = vertical development; thunderstorm clouds Cumulonimbus = vertical development; thunderstorm clouds

Clouds & Precipitation Do certain types of clouds give certain kinds of precipitation? Do certain types of clouds give certain kinds of precipitation? (Winds, Fronts & Storms 15:32) assetGuid=c92d703d-8da6-407b-997f- 0def c&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFrie ndly=0&provider=&isLessonFromHealth=0 &productcode=DETB&isAssigned=false&in cludeHeader=YES&homeworkGuidhttp://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/? assetGuid=c92d703d-8da6-407b-997f- 0def c&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFrie ndly=0&provider=&isLessonFromHealth=0 &productcode=DETB&isAssigned=false&in cludeHeader=YES&homeworkGuid= assetGuid=c92d703d-8da6-407b-997f- 0def c&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFrie ndly=0&provider=&isLessonFromHealth=0 &productcode=DETB&isAssigned=false&in cludeHeader=YES&homeworkGuid

MSB- Kicks Up A Storm (30 min.) ?assetGuid=d8c4eb4a-a32f-41be-9f25- f94deb66c46e&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFrie ndly=0&provider=&isLessonFromHealth=0 &productcode=DETB&isAssigned=false&in cludeHeader=YES&homeworkGuid= ?assetGuid=d8c4eb4a-a32f-41be-9f25- f94deb66c46e&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFrie ndly=0&provider=&isLessonFromHealth=0 &productcode=DETB&isAssigned=false&in cludeHeader=YES&homeworkGuid= ?assetGuid=d8c4eb4a-a32f-41be-9f25- f94deb66c46e&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFrie ndly=0&provider=&isLessonFromHealth=0 &productcode=DETB&isAssigned=false&in cludeHeader=YES&homeworkGuid ?assetGuid=d8c4eb4a-a32f-41be-9f25- f94deb66c46e&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFrie ndly=0&provider=&isLessonFromHealth=0 &productcode=DETB&isAssigned=false&in cludeHeader=YES&homeworkGuid

Severe Storms Lesson Vocabulary: Lesson Vocabulary: - thunderstorm - tornado - hurricane

Severe Storms Tornadoes = In the US most occur in the Midwest and the South Tornadoes = In the US most occur in the Midwest and the South Radar = What is it used for? Radar = What is it used for?

Atmosphere & Air Temperature Lesson Vocabulary: Lesson Vocabulary: - insolation - atmosphere - troposphere - air pressure - weather - barometer

Atmosphere & Air Temperature Insolation = incoming solar radiation; amount of warming is dependent on the angle of insolation (Quick Lab Activity: clay ball, graph paper, flashlight) Insolation = incoming solar radiation; amount of warming is dependent on the angle of insolation (Quick Lab Activity: clay ball, graph paper, flashlight)

Atmosphere & Air Temperature Atmosphere = air that surrounds Earth (gases) Atmosphere = air that surrounds Earth (gases) Which gas is most abundant in the air? Troposphere = layer where our weather occurs Troposphere = layer where our weather occurs Air pressure = decreases with altitude; normal air pressure is greatest at sea level (14.7 lbs/sq. in.) Air pressure = decreases with altitude; normal air pressure is greatest at sea level (14.7 lbs/sq. in.)

Air Pressure & Wind Lesson Vocabulary: Lesson Vocabulary: - wind - convection cell - sea breeze - land breeze

Air Pressure & Wind How can air pressure change? How can air pressure change? 1. Volume 2. Height above the Earth’s surface 3. Temperature (heated air molecules speed up and spread out into a larger space, it expands; pressure decreases) 4. Amount of water vapor

Air Pressure & Wind Convection cells: Convection cells: Unequal heating and cooling of air making a pattern of rising air, sinking air, and wind

Air Pressure & Wind Global Wind Patterns: Global Wind Patterns: - Polar Easterlies - Prevailing Westerlies - Trade Winds

Air Pressure & Wind Jet Stream Jet Stream al/jet.htm al/jet.htm

Air Pressure & Wind What makes air pressure change? What makes air pressure change? (changes in altitude, temperature, or humidity) What causes wind to blow in a particular direction? What causes wind to blow in a particular direction? (air moves from area of high pressure to an area of low pressure)

Air Pressure & Wind How might temperatures near the ocean compare with those inland in winter? In summer? How might temperatures near the ocean compare with those inland in winter? In summer? (land warms and cools faster than water; so the air near the ocean will be cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter)

Review: Air Pressure, Wind & Heat (15 min.) ?assetGuid=b2b a d- b cc65&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFrie ndly=0&provider=&isLessonFromHealth=0 &productcode=DETB&isAssigned=false&in cludeHeader=YES&homeworkGuid= ?assetGuid=b2b a d- b cc65&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFrie ndly=0&provider=&isLessonFromHealth=0 &productcode=DETB&isAssigned=false&in cludeHeader=YES&homeworkGuid= ?assetGuid=b2b a d- b cc65&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFrie ndly=0&provider=&isLessonFromHealth=0 &productcode=DETB&isAssigned=false&in cludeHeader=YES&homeworkGuid ?assetGuid=b2b a d- b cc65&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFrie ndly=0&provider=&isLessonFromHealth=0 &productcode=DETB&isAssigned=false&in cludeHeader=YES&homeworkGuid

Climate What affects climate? What affects climate? 1. Latitude (tropical zone, temperate zones, & polar zones) 2. Bodies of Water 3. Winds & Ocean Currents 4. Altitude (mountains)

Climate What causes climate change? What causes climate change? 1. Sun’s output 2. Currents & landmasses 3. Volcanoes

Climate Review: 15 min. Weather Smart: Climate Weather Smart: Climate ?assetGuid=a47c f-46d8-ae87- 06e1d7bacd70&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFrie ndly=0&provider=&isLessonFromHealth=0 &productcode=DETB&isAssigned=false&in cludeHeader=YES&homeworkGuid= ?assetGuid=a47c f-46d8-ae87- 06e1d7bacd70&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFrie ndly=0&provider=&isLessonFromHealth=0 &productcode=DETB&isAssigned=false&in cludeHeader=YES&homeworkGuid= ?assetGuid=a47c f-46d8-ae87- 06e1d7bacd70&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFrie ndly=0&provider=&isLessonFromHealth=0 &productcode=DETB&isAssigned=false&in cludeHeader=YES&homeworkGuid ?assetGuid=a47c f-46d8-ae87- 06e1d7bacd70&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFrie ndly=0&provider=&isLessonFromHealth=0 &productcode=DETB&isAssigned=false&in cludeHeader=YES&homeworkGuid

Weather Instruments thermometer thermometer barometer barometer anemometer anemometer wind vane wind vane rain gauge rain gauge hygrometer hygrometer

EOG Practice … In which way are evaporation and condensation similar? In which way are evaporation and condensation similar? A Both cause decreases in air temperature. B Both cause increases in air temperature. C Both are caused by the warming of the atmosphere. D Both are caused by changes in heat energy.

EOG Practice … Which best describes why winds at the beach change direction between day and night? Which best describes why winds at the beach change direction between day and night? A because the temperatures over land and over water change B because warm air over land sinks and stays in place over land C because cool air rises and is replaced by warm air from the ocean D because cool air sinks and stays in place over land

EOG Practice … Which will most likely result from a low-pressure weather system? Which will most likely result from a low-pressure weather system? A warm temperatures B cloudy conditions C clear conditions D cool temperatures

EOG Practice … Which is the best explanation for how air masses move across the United States? Which is the best explanation for how air masses move across the United States? A The prevailing westerlies move air masses from west to east across the United States but may be deflected by the jet stream. A The prevailing westerlies move air masses from west to east across the United States but may be deflected by the jet stream. B The trade winds move air masses from west to east across the United States. B The trade winds move air masses from west to east across the United States. C The jet stream moves air masses from the Pacific Ocean across the United States. C The jet stream moves air masses from the Pacific Ocean across the United States. D The warm air of the Gulf Stream causes air masses to move from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. D The warm air of the Gulf Stream causes air masses to move from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.

EOG Practice … Which has the greatest effect on wind speed? Which has the greatest effect on wind speed? A precipitation B cloud cover C wind direction D air pressure

EOG Practice … After a rain, a puddle of water remains on a sidewalk. After a day of sunshine, the puddle is gone. Which process is most responsible for the disappearance of the puddle? After a rain, a puddle of water remains on a sidewalk. After a day of sunshine, the puddle is gone. Which process is most responsible for the disappearance of the puddle? A precipitation B transpiration C evaporation D condensation

EOG Practice … Andy lives in the southern hemisphere. What season does he most likely experience in August? Andy lives in the southern hemisphere. What season does he most likely experience in August? A spring B summer C winter D autumn

EOG Practice … On a cold, cloudy day, the local weather forecaster predicts that a high-pressure system will be moving into the area in the next 24 hours. Which weather conditions will this system most likely bring to the area? On a cold, cloudy day, the local weather forecaster predicts that a high-pressure system will be moving into the area in the next 24 hours. Which weather conditions will this system most likely bring to the area? A stormy B sunny C snowy D hot

EOG Practice … Which best describes a characteristic of the jet stream? Which best describes a characteristic of the jet stream? A It forms a boundary between a cold air mass and a warm air mass. B It creates the high winds around the eye of a hurricane. C It forces the hot air along the equator to rise to areas in North America. D It causes high pressure air masses to rotate clockwise.

EOG Practice … What must occur before clouds can form? What must occur before clouds can form? A Water vapor must get warmer. B Water vapor must lose heat energy. C Precipitation must begin to fall and run off. D Transpiration must add water vapor to the atmosphere.

EOG Practice … One morning, Jane notices drops of water on the outside of a window. Later in the day, she notices that the drops have disappeared. What most likely caused the drops to disappear? One morning, Jane notices drops of water on the outside of a window. Later in the day, she notices that the drops have disappeared. What most likely caused the drops to disappear? A The water condensed on the plants around the house. B Energy from the sun caused the water to evaporate. C The water cooled enough to turn into water vapor. D Wind blowing on the window turned the water into vapor.

EOG Practice … The weather forecast indicates that a warm front will be moving into the area in the next 24 hours. Which type of weather will most likely result? The weather forecast indicates that a warm front will be moving into the area in the next 24 hours. Which type of weather will most likely result? A clear skies and cold temperatures B clear skies and hot temperatures C cloudy skies and rainy weather D heavy snow and ice

EOG Practice … What is the cause of rising surface temperatures of the Pacific Ocean, drought in the western United States, and flooding on the Pacific coast of South America? What is the cause of rising surface temperatures of the Pacific Ocean, drought in the western United States, and flooding on the Pacific coast of South America? A the Gulf Stream B the jet stream C La Niña D El Niño

EOG Practice … What will most likely result when the jet stream moves south of North Carolina? What will most likely result when the jet stream moves south of North Carolina? A North Carolina will experience tropical weather conditions. B North Carolina will experience hot, dry weather. C North Carolina will experience mild weather. D North Carolina will experience cold weather.

Additional Resources …. Science Textbook Science Textbook Oceans of Air by MacMillan/McGraw-Hill; 1995 Oceans of Air by MacMillan/McGraw-Hill; 1995 Weather Instruments; by Delta Science; Weather Instruments; by Delta Science;